Test Bank for Pilbeams Mechanical Ventilation 7th Edition by Cairo

Test Bank for Pilbeams Mechanical Ventilation 7th Edition by Cairo Chapter 01: Basic Terms and Concepts of Mechanical Ventilation Cairo: Pilbeam’s Mechanical Ventilation: Physiological and Clinical Applications, 7th Edition MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. The body’s mechanism for conducting air in and out of the lungs is known as which of the following? a. External respiration b. Internal respiration c. Spontaneous ventilation d. Mechanical ventilation ANS: C The conduction of air in and out of the body is known as ventilation. Since the question asks for the body’s mechanism, this would be spontaneous ventilation. External respiration involves the exchange of oxygen (O 2 ) and carbon dioxide (CO ) between the alveoli and the pulmonary capillaries. Internal respiration occurs at the cellular level and involves movement of oxygen from the systemic blood into the cells. 2. Which of the following are involved in external respiration? a. Red blood cells and body cells b. Scalenes and trapezius muscles c. Alveoli and pulmonary capillaries d. External oblique and transverse abdominal muscles ANS: C External respiration involves the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide (CO ) between the alveoli and the pulmonary capillaries. Internal respiration occurs at the cellular level and involves movement of oxygen from the systemic blood into the cells. Scalene 2 and trapezius muscles are accessory muscles of inspiration. External oblique and transverse abdominal muscles are accessory muscles of expiration. 3. The graph that shows intrapleural pressure changes during normal spontaneous breathing is depicted by which of the following? a. b. c. d. ANS: B During spontaneous breathing, the intrapleural pressure drops from about −5 cm H 2 . 1 2 O at end-expiration to about −10 cm H O at end-inspiration. The graph depicted for answer B shows that change from −5 cm H 4. During spontaneous inspiration alveolar pressure (P a. −1 cm H b. +1 cm H c. 0 cm H d. 5 cm H ANS: A 2 2 2 O 2 O O O A ) is about ________________. During normal spontaneous ventilation alveolar pressure will become −1 cm H 2 2 O to −10 cm H 2 O. O which is the lowest. During the exhalation of a normal spontaneous breath the alveolar pressure will become +1 cm H 2 O. 2 5. The pressure required to maintain alveolar inflation is known as which of the following? a. Transairway pressure (P b. Transthoracic pressure (P c. Transrespiratory pressure (P d. Transpulmonary pressure (P ANS: D TA ) TT ) TR L ) ....