ESSENCE OF ANTHROPOLOGY 4TH EDITION By HAVILAND -Test Bank

ESSENCE OF ANTHROPOLOGY 4TH EDITION By HAVILAND -Test Bank Chapter_06_The_Emergence_of_Cities_and_States 1. All of the following are associated with citie s and states except: a. organized central governments b. monumental structures c. warfare d. equality ANSWER: d REFERENCES: 124 OTHER: Factual NOTES: Modify 2. Modern cities are uniquely defined by a high level of: a. socialization b. exchange c. interdependence d. independence ANSWER: c REFERENCES: 125 OTHER: Conceptual NOTES: Modify 3. In a modern city, virtually every institution depends on: a. religious organizations b. highways c. public utilities d. secondary schools ANSWER: c REFERENCES: 125 OTHER: Conceptual NOTES: Pickup 4. This city is one of the oldest continually inhabited urban areas worldwide: a. Aleppo, Syria b. Paris, France c. Jericho, Jordan d. Ankara, Turkey ANSWER: a REFERENCES: 124 OTHER: Factual NOTES: New 5. The following are elements of a civilization as defined by anthropologists except: a. large numbers of people living in cities b. refinement and progress c. social stratification d. governing by ruling elite ANSWER: b REFERENCES: 126 OTHER: Conceptual NOTES: Pickup 6. The root word civitas of civilization means: a. trade and exchange b. refinement and manners c. top hierarchy of a city d. urban area of dwelling ANSWER: d REFERENCES: 126 OTHER: Factual NOTES: Pickup 7. The world’s first cities developed in: a. China b. Jordan c. Egypt d. Mesopotamia ANSWER: d REFERENCES: 126 OTHER: Factual NOTES: Modify 8. The world’s first civilization in Mesopotamia developed: a. between 1,000 and 2,000 years ago b. between 4,500 and 6,000 years ago c. between 7,500 and 10,000 years ago d. between 10,000 and 12,500 years ago ANSWER: b REFERENCES: 126 OTHER: Factual NOTES: Modify 9. The most obvious characteristic of civilization is: a. new technology b. food storage c. population d. private property ANSWER: c REFERENCES: 126 OTHER: Conceptual NOTES: New 10. Çatalhöyük is: a. an urban area in the Fertile Crescent where agriculture first developed b. an urban center that developed from a very small farming community c. the first urban center ever developed, and it subsisted solely on trade d. a highly populated town that never developed characteristics of urban centers ANSWER: d REFERENCES: 126 OTHER: Conceptual NOTES: Modify 11. The center and most important area of Tikal was: a. the Solar Plaza b. the Temple of the Moon c. the Street of the Dead d. the Great Plaza ANSWER: d REFERENCES: 128 OTHER: Factual NOTES: Pickup 12. The early city of Mohenjo-Daro, at its peak, had a population of: a. 10,000 b. 50,000 c. 20,000 d. 7,000 ANSWER: c REFERENCES: 127 OTHER: Factual NOTES: Pickup 13. The early city of Teotihuacan was designed according to: a. a standard Spanish grid pattern b. visions and prophecies c. regional topography d. the solar calendar ANSWER: d REFERENCES: 127 OTHER: Factual NOTES: Pickup 14. The city of Tikal was: a. occupied for less than 100 years b. also a center of domestication for rice and wheat c. the center of an extensive regional trade route linking Africa to Asia d. one of the largest lowland Maya cities ANSWER: d REFERENCES: 128 OTHER: Conceptual NOTES: New 15. Archaeologists estimate that, at its height, the population of Teotihuacan reached: a. 175,000 b. 250,000 c. 75,000 d. 100,000 ANSWER: d REFERENCES: 128 OTHER: Factual NOTES: New 16. Why did Teotihuacan include residents with foreign affiliation? a. to use as slaves b. to rely on for military protection c. to consult in spiritual matters d. to expand the trade network ANSWER: d REFERENCES: 128 OTHER: Factual NOTES: Pickup 17. In what modern country is Tikal located? a. Guatemala b. Costa Rica c. Panama d. Turkey ANSWER: a REFERENCES: 128 OTHER: Factual NOTES: Modify 18. Following the excavations in the 1960s, archaeologists at Tikal began to focus on: a. dwelling sites around the larger buildings b. the temple complex and major buildings c. monumental architecture at the site d. slave quarters and workers’ dwellings on the outskirts ANSWER: a REFERENCES: 128 OTHER: Conceptual NOTES: Pickup 19. What kind of data was collected from the study of nonmonumental structures at Tikal? a. state political interests b. trade and exchange routes c. site size and population d. religious affiliation ANSWER: c REFERENCES: 128 OTHER: Conceptual NOTES: Pickup 20. How did the Maya maximize land available for subsistence? a. They practiced hydroponic farming without soil. b. They had gardens inside their homes for subsistence. c. They used artificially raised fields in flooded areas. d. They created land by diverting rivers into areas away from Tikal. ANSWER: c REFERENCES: 130 OTHER: Conceptual NOTES: Pickup 21. The Maya kept records of political and economic history through the use of: a. glyphs b. abaci c. syllabaries d. pictograms ANSWER: a REFERENCES: 129 OTHER: Factual NOTES: New 22. The Maya developed each of the following modifications to address food production needs except: a. low-lying areas converted into reservoirs to hold water for irrigation of fields b. raised fields constructed to take advantage of periodic flooding in the area c. fruit production carried out near housing zones to make use of human wastes as fertilizer d. underground pits dug so that farming could occur during the dry season by taking advantage of damp soils ANSWER: d REFERENCES: 130 OTHER: Conceptual NOTES: New 23. The Bronze Age was marked by: a. the earliest human migrations b. the development of seafaring trade c. the rapid decrease of specialized labor d. increasingly specialized tool production