PMHNP ANCC QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

sodium helps to regulate acid base balance Cerebtal Cortex Receives incoming sensory information from the thalamus Amygdala A limbic system structure involved in memory and emotion, particularly fear and aggression. Hippocampus a neural center located in the limbic system; helps process explicit memories for storage, converts short term memory to long term memory basal ganglia structures in the forebrain that help to control movement part of the Limbic system which stabilizes somatic motor activity delayed sleep phase type Falling asleep and waking later than desired. Circadian rhythm disorder. advanced sleep phase type Falling asleep and waking earlier than desired. Circadian rhythm disorder. irregular sleep-wake type Falling asleep and waking at random times. Circadian rhythm disorder. non-24 hour sleep-wake type Falling asleep and usually waking progressively later than desired. Circadian rhythm disorder. Shift work and sleep - Shift workers often need to sleep at inappropriate circadian phases - quantity and quality of sleep reduced - Sleep after night shift can be difficult to maintain - Sleep before morning shift can be difficult to initiate - Environmental factors also contribute to poorer sleep in shift workers jet lag a disruption of circadian rhythms due to crossing time zones Hippocampus/Temporal Lobe Delayed recall in dementia can be caused when these areas are affected left temporal/parietal lobes Language, reading, writing difficulties are associated with damage to these areas. Also contains the Wernicke and Broca areas abstract thinking thinking in terms of symbols, ideas, and concepts controlled by the frontal and parietal lobes Disturbances in orientation and thinking are suggestive of a compromise in _____________. temporal, frontal, and cingulate cortex What are the nurse practitioner core competencies scientific foundation leadership quality practice inquiry technology and information literacy policy health delivery systems ethics independent practices Symptoms of neurosyphilis -wide base gait -positive Romberg sign -loss of vibratory and proprioceptive senses in lower extremities -decreased deep tendon reflexes -tremors -dyscoordination -spasticity in lower ext. -pupil abnormalities Dopamine receptor agonists Such as bromocriptine, pramipexole, ropinirole have a lower incidence of metabolic issues such as weight gain, diabetes, increased lipid profiles, than either serotonin receptor antagonists or 2nd generation antipsychotics they are however associated with extrapyramidal effects reticular formation regulates what? Involuntary muscle movements, muscle tone, bloop pressure, respiratory rate parietal lobe regulates what? taste, reading, writing Limbic systems amygdala regulates what? mood, fear, emotion, aggression Limbic systems hypothalamus regulates what? appetite, water balance, body temperature, libido Medicare Part A Coverage hospital care up to 90 days, skilled nursing facility care, nursing home care, hospice up to six months , some home health services Medicare Part B covers Outpatient services, rehab services, medical equipment, diagnostic tests, and physician services Medicare part C covers "Gap" coverage (optional) Medicare part D covers Prescription drug coverage (optional) What does the mnemonic PICO stand for? Patient, population, problem/Intervention/comparison/outcome -These are used to develop questions in research What treatment should be added for schizophrenia patients with EPS symptoms? An anticholinergic medication such as benztropine or trihexyphenidyl In common pychiatric disorders what is dopamine typically indicated in? disfunction of decision making and intigrated concentration Serotonon antagonists/reuptake inhibitors aid in what? pyramidal cell functioning in the prefrontal cortex preventing excess release of glutamate inhibits 5ht2a A Japanese person with taijinokyofuho has a fear of what? offending or embarrising others in a social setting. What is a vagal nerve stimulator? A device implanted into the left chest wall and connected to an electrode placed on the left vagus nerve that can be utilized to treat medication resistant major depression. What type of therapy uses miracle questions? They are utilized in solution focused therapy What does strategic therapy utilize? straight forward directive, paradoxical directive, and reframing belief system In strategic therapy what is a straight forward directive? A task that is meant with the expectation of compliance In strategic therapy what is a paradoxical directive? A negative task that is assigned when change is resisted In strategic therapy what is reframing belief system? Problematic behaviors are relabeled to have a more positive meaning In a macrobiotic diet what are the two food types? yin are foods that are cold and wet and yang are foods that are hot and dry Pitta and Vita are utilized in what practice? Ayurvedic practice Conversion disorders are related to which of Erickson's stages Initiative vs Guilt This Erickson stage lasts from birth to 12-18 months Trust vs Mistrust This Erickson stage lasts from 12-18 months to 3 years Autonomy vs Shame and Doubt This Erickson stage lasts from 3 to 5-6 years Initiative vs Guilt This Erickson stage lasts from 5-6 years to adolescent Industry vs Inferiority This Erickson stage lasts from Adolescence to adulthood Identity vs Role confusion This Erickson stage lasts during adulthood Intimacy vs Isolation This Erickson stage lasts during middle adulthood Generativity vs Stagnation This Erickson stage lasts during late adulthood Ego integrity vs Dispair Failure to resolve issues with trust vs mistrust result in what? psychosis, addictions, depression Failure to resolve issues with autonomy vs shame and doubt result in what? paranoia, obsession, compulsions, impulsivity Failure to resolve issues with industry vs inferiority results in what? creative inhibition, can lead to schizoid personality disorder Interpersonal therapy, which was founded by Klerman and Weissman, has three hallmark principals time limited, active and focused in the present Interpersonal therapy is used to primarily treat what? depression, relationship disorders with bipolar patients, eating disorders Three considerations in Biopsychosocial model are what? predisposing, perpetuating, sociological/environmental factors What is Prader Willis Syndrome? Is a neurodevelopmental and genetic disease characterized by compulsive overeating, intellectual disability, hypogonadism, small stature, and low muscle tone. This disorder is prone to obesity and should utilize a low calorie diet. What do the terms Actus Reus and Mens Rea mean? Voluntary conduct (Actus Reus) and Mens Rea (evil intent) parasuicidal behavior deliberate self-injury with intent to harm oneself without suicidal intent Family systems therapy was developed by Murray Bowen focuses on what? Chronic anxiety within the family with a goal of increasing self-differentiation What is a goal of family structural therapy? changing family structure What is a goal of experiential therapy? developing nurturing therapy What is a goal of strategic therapy? Helping family members behave in a way that will not perpetuate the problem behavior. What does Interpersonal therapy propose? That interpersonal relationships and experiences influences the development of the "self-system" or personality learned helplessness theory view that exposure to uncontrollable negative events leads to a belief in one's inability to control important outcomes and a subsequent loss of motivation, indecisiveness, and failure of action, often associated with depression Alzheimer's type dementia Predominant impairment in memory, orientation, judgment, and reasoning Can include agitation, confusion, depression, anxiety, or combativeness Symptoms are usually more pronounced at the end of the day Belladonna an alkaloidal extract or tincture of the poisonous belladonna herb that is used medicinally to aid in relieving symptoms of anxiety. Managed Health Care Combines health care delivery with the financing of services provided.