Module 5 exam - bio171 microbio already graded A

Module 5 exam - bio171 microbio already graded A The concept of treating all samples, whether known or unknown, as potentially hazardous (or pathogenic) materials is known as _____. universal precautions List at least 3 observations a researchers would be sure to note while assessing an unknown microbial sample. size and shape, motility, gram status, color change, chemical reactions While observing an unknown sample of limited amounts, a researcher must determine motility and Gram status using the same sample. What would you determine first and why? Motility because Gram staining requires the sample be fixed which would kill the organism and then you can't observe motility a Facultative anaerobe is a microorganism capable of growth under what conditions? A microorganism capable of growth under aerobic and anaerobic conditions as streptococcus is catalase negative would it thrive or die in the presence of peroxides? Why? strep would not survive in the presence of peroxides b/c it is unable to breakdown peroxides strep is most often streaked onto: 1.) chocolate agar 2.) EMB agar 3.) Blood agar 4.) Spirit blue agar blood agar True or false: the Lancefield groups are used to subdivide antigenic groups of alpha-hemolytic Steptococcus false The distinctions for Lancefield groupings lie in its Carbohydrate composition of antigens left untreated, strep throat can progress to___, which displays ___ hemolytic activity. Rheumatic fever ; beta Rheumatic fever displays (blank) hemolytic activity and occurs when (blank) is left untreated Beta, strep True or false: under most circumstances, staphylococcus can be found in ~80% of the human population where it remains non-symptomatic false Define commensal bacteria It neither harms nor benefits from the host from which it obtains nutrients pathogen suppresses host immune system so it can continue replicating evasion pathogen passes through or between cells to access deeper tissues and nutrients infection pathogen is passed to another host to restart lifecycle transmission Match the following diseases with their respective symptoms: 1. folliculitis 2. scaled- skin syndrome igo ctivitis lma neonatorum A. Childhood skin disease near mouth/ nose B. infection of thin, transparent scleral tissue C. infection occurs at time of birth D. Pus-filled lesions on skin or hair E. Ruptured pustules ; treated with penicillin 1.) D 2.) E 3.) A 4.) B 5.) C True or false. The causative agent of conjunctivitis can be either bacterial or viral true True or false: An acid fast stain is best suited to identify TB true True or false: Although TB must be inhaled and reside in the lung in order to cause infection, TB can also spread to the brain, spine, and kidneys true Identify the disease based on the following: it is a small, acid-fast rod usually remaining asymptomatic for up to 20 years. It affects the skin, nerves, upper respiratory tract, and eyes of infected individuals Leprosy/Hansen's disease True or false: you can become infected with TB simply by sharing a drink with someone who is currently infected with TB false True or false: only directly ingesting the pre-formed Clostridium toxin (neither the bacteria nor its spores) will cause disease in adults true True or false : Directly ingesting clostridium or its associated spores will not cause illness in adults false A 5-month-old child is given honey at breakfast and begins showing symptoms consistent with botulism. Would the child's illness be classified as foodborne, infant or wound botulism? Infant Botulism ; the GI tract of an infant is not developed enough to handle honey which is a carrier of clostridium True or false: there are currently no cures for tetanus true While visiting his grandparents, a 10-year-old child has been given green beans for dinner that were harvested from his grandparents' garden and canned the previous year. Severe illness sets in and the child is taken to the hospital. Botulism is suspected, but what form? Explain Foodborne botulism because he's too old for it to be infant and it's not a wound so the green beans were probably improperly canned True or False. Although there is no cure for tetanus, it can be prevented through vaccination. true Why does the alpha toxin (perfringolysin) produced during an infection of gas gangrene cause cell death? (short answer) The toxin perforates the membrane. It forms pores in the plasma membrane of host cells resulting in uncontrolled ion fluxes and eventually cell lysis and death The alpha toxin perfringolysin is associated with which medical condition caused by Gram positive anaerobic bacteria? Gas gangrene True or false : Bubonic plague is often characterized by Gas gangrene painffully swollen lymph nodes true Which form of the plague is the most rare? what does it target? Septicemic and it targets the blood system indentify the following disease : " bulleyes rash" ( RED MARK IN MIDDLE WITH SURROUNDING RED HALO) lyme disease syphillis is caused by : gram negative spirochete True of false. Chlyamida is an obligate parasite and as such can bee grown on agar plates alone false match the following disease with their respective symptoms if left untreated : 1.) Gonorrhea' 2.) Chlamydia 3.) Syphilis 1.) Gonorrhea - C (cardiac and nuero complications) 2.) Chlamydia - A ( Paralysis, blindness and dementia 3.) Syphili's - E ( Infertility and pelvic inflammatory disease) You developed a fever, chills, and pneumonia after recently returning from a getaway weekend where you sat in a hot tub. What disease would a doctor suspect? Would the doctor suspect you got it from another person? Legionaires and no Which form of the plague is highly virulent? What does it target? Pneumonic plague and the respiratory system identify the following disease (hand with black center at site of infection) (short answer) anthrax Gonorrhea is caused by Diplococcic bacteria True or False: Chlamydia trachomatis can be grown on an agar plate alone false Greater than 90% of all human streptococcal infections belong to (multiple choice) group A Syphilis is caused by gram negative spirochete