Biology EOC Pt. 4 THE FINALE Questions With Complete Solutions

Biology EOC Pt. 4 THE FINALE Questions With Complete Solutions During the replication process, polymerase proofreads the DNA molecule so that few mistakes or ___________ occur. correct answer: Mutations. The process of converting the genetic message from DNA into amino acids is called _____________. correct answer: Transcription. Changes in the DNA sequence, or mutations, help drive what? correct answer: Evolutionary change. A mutation may be passed along to human offspring through what process only? correct answer: Meiosis. A ___________ in DNA can result in dysfunctional protein production. correct answer: Point mutation. What is the difference between an animal and a plant cell? correct answer: Plant cells have chloroplasts, a cell wall, and larger vacuoles. Animal cells have vacuoles but much smaller than in a plant cell and they have centrioles and cilia. What are lipids? correct answer: Fats, oils, and waxes. What are nucleic acids? correct answer: DNA, RNA, and ATP What are carbohydrates? correct answer: Sugars and starch What is an example of a protein? correct answer: Enzymes What is a keystone species? correct answer: A species that is very important to an ecosystem, without it, the ecosystem would fail. What is genetic diversity? correct answer: The variety of genes or inheritable characteristics that are present in a population. What is species diversity? correct answer: The number of different species and the relative abundance of each species in a biological community. What is ecosystem diversity? correct answer: The variety of ecosystems that are present in the biosphere. What is overexploitation? correct answer: Excessive use of species that have economic value. What is direct economic value? correct answer: Humans depending on plants and animals for food, clothing, energy, medicine, and shelter. What is indirect economic value? correct answer: Green plants providing oxygen and remove carbon dioxide. Natural processes provide drinking water that is safe for human use. What is the separation of an ecosystem into small pieces of land. The smaller parcel of land, the fewer species it can support. correct answer: Habitat fragmentation. The increasing concentration of toxic substances in organisms as trophic levels in a food chain or web. Like pesticides or fertilizer. correct answer: Biological magnification. ________________ ______________ in the soil can break down the ammonia into the gaseous form of nitrogen which is not available by plants or animals. correct answer: Denitrificating bacteria What is the outcome when a cell undergoes meiosis? correct answer: 4 nonidentical haploid cells.