Biology EOC Review, Biology (EOC) -STAAR, Bio. EOC p2 Questions With Complete Solutions

ecology correct answer: scientific study of interactions among organisms and between organisms and their environment biosphere correct answer: part of Earth in which life exists including land, water, and air or atmosphere species correct answer: group of similar organisms that can breed and produce fertile offspring population correct answer: group of individuals of the same species that live in the same area community correct answer: assemblages of different populations that live together in a defined area ecosystem correct answer: collection of all the organisms that live in a particular place, together with their nonliving environment biome correct answer: group of ecosystems that have the same climate and dominant communities autotroph correct answer: organism that can capture energy from sunlight or chemicals and use it to produce its own food from inorganic compounds; also called a producer producer correct answer: organism that can capture energy from sunlight or chemicals and use it to produce food from inorganic compounds; also called an autotroph photosynthesis correct answer: process by which plants and some other organisms use light energy to convert water and carbon dioxide into oxygen and high-energy carbohydrates such as sugars and starches chemosythesis correct answer: process by which some organisms, such as certain bacteria, use chemical energy to produce carbohydrates heterotroph correct answer: organism that obtains energy from the foods it consumes; also called a consumer consumer correct answer: organism that relies on other organisms for its energy and food supply; also called a heterotroph herbivore correct answer: organism that obtains energy by eating only plants carnivore correct answer: organism that obtains energy by eating animals omnivore correct answer: organism that obtains energy by eating both plants and animals detritivore correct answer: organism that feeds on plant and animal remains and other dead matter decomposer correct answer: organism that breaks down and obtains energy from dead organic matter food chain correct answer: series of steps in an ecosystem in which organisms transfer energy by eating and being eaten food web correct answer: network of complex interactions formed by the feeding relationships among the various organisms in an ecosystem trophic level correct answer: step in a food chain or food web ecological pyramid correct answer: diagram that shows the relative amounts of energy or matter within each trophic level in a food chain or food web biomass correct answer: total amount of living tissue within a given trophic level biogeochemical cycle correct answer: process in which elements, chemical compounds, and other forms of matter are passed from one organism to another and from one part of t