HBS final Questions And Answers With Complete Solutions

Differentiate between CNS and PNS correct answer: CNS= "Command Center" Brain+Spinal Cord PNS= carry all outside regions of CNS to CNS What is the function of myelin? correct answer: Myelin Layer (or sheath) protects and insulates axons and enhances their electrical transmission Define MS. correct answer: Multiple Sclerosis (MS) = an immune mediated process in which an abnormal response of the body's immune system is directed against the CNS. cause unknown. No cure. Which spinal nerves innervate the upper limbs? correct answer: cervical limbs Differentiate the meninges, and outermost to innermost correct answer: a. Dera- tough surrounds the brain b. arachnoid- contains cerebrospinal fluid c. pia matter- covers brain, thinnest What is controlled by the medulla oblongota? correct answer: Resp, Cardaic Know the function of the oculomotor nerve correct answer: Eyeball and Eyelid movement: Conatins 4 Be able to differentiate between parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous system correct answer: Parasympathetic = rest and digest. Neurotransmitter: Acetylcholne Sympathetic = fight or flight. Where is a sub-dural hematoma located? correct answer: in between the dura matter and the Archnoid matter The autonomic nervous system is a subdivision of what? correct answer: peripheral nervous system What are dendrites? correct answer: receives electrical impulses; send signals towards the cell body What are sensory neurons also known as? correct answer: sensory= input motor= output What is a brain injury with swelling and bleeding with severe hemorrhaging? correct answer: Contusion Define Interneurons. correct answer: communication amongs neuron. relays/transmits signals Define meningitis. correct answer: inflammation of the meninges caused by viral or bacterial infection and marked by intense headache and fever, sensitivity to light, and muscular rigidity, leading (in severe cases) to convulsions, delirium, and death Differentiate between all neuroglia (support) cells. (Astrocytes, Microglia, Oligodendrocyte, Ependymal) correct answer: Astrocytes- most abundant Microglia- destroy pathogens Ependymal cells- secrete cerebrospinal fluid Oligodendrocytes- produce myelin What is the cerebellum? correct answer: -Coordination and control of voluntary movement -Receives information -on equilibrium -on current movements of limbs, neck and trunk -From cerebral cortex Where is CSF found, and what's it's function. correct answer: Cerebrospinal fluid (csf) found in brain and spinal cord. between the dura mater and arachnoid mater. Liquid cushion (function) Differentiate between paraplegia and quadriplegia. correct answer: Paraplegia- you can't move your legs Quadriplegia- can't move anything What is a concussion? correct answer: A slight brain injury Know the definition of a stroke (Cerebrovascular Accident) (cva). correct answer: Blockage or interruption of blood flow to brain region Define transient ischemic attack (TIA) correct answer: mini stroke Differentiate between motor and sensory signals correct answer: Sensory (Afferent) signals picked up by sensory receptors. -Carried by nerve fibers of PNS to the CNS Motor (Efferent) signals are carried away from the CNS -Innervate muscles and glands What makes up nervous tissue? correct answer: Neurons and Support Cells (Neuroglial cells) Know about neurons correct answer: basic structural unit of th