Nutrition and Diet Therapy | 66 Questions and Answers(A+ Solution guide)

Basal Metabolic rate - energy to maintain life-sustainging activities (i.e. heart rate temperature etc.) for a specific period of time at rest Resting Energy Expenditure - amount of energy that an individual needs to consume over a 24 hour period to maintain all of it's internal working activities at rest Kilocalories - the unit in which energy is measured Nutrient - elements necessary for normal function of body processes Nutrient density - the amount of nutrients relative to the number of calories they provide Characteristics of nutrients - obtained from food, provide energy, promote growth, maintenance, and repair for body tissues Essential Nutrients - nutrients that must be obtained food, unable to produce enough on own 6 essential nutrients - water, Carbohydrates (CHO), Fats (lipids), Proteins, Vitmains, minerals KCal/g in Carbohydrates and Proteins - 4 kcal/g kcal/g in fats - 9 kcal/g Carbohydrates - preferred energy source Simple Carbohydrates - Monosaccharides and DisaccharidesComplex - polysaccharides Monosaccharides - Glucose, Fructose, Galactose Disaccharides - maltose, sucrose (table sugars), lactose Polysaccharides - Starch, Glycogen, fibers Complex carbohydrates - Polysaccharides Sugar - delicious concentrated source of energy, but no protein, vitamins, or minerals Complex Carbohydrates -thought of a fattening but fewer in calories, lower in fatm lower in concentrated sugars, high in fiber, helps to reduce risk of disease Proteins - composed of hydrogen, oxygenm and nitrogen