AUA Foundations Questions: Goal 4 Questions With Complete Solutions

Goal 4: Understand the Basic Molecules of Life: Carbohydrates, Lipids, Amino acids, Proteins and Nucleic acids, They are compounds having both an amino (-NH 2 -) and a carboxylic acid ( -COOH-)groups. They are monomeric units of proteins They contain two functional groups, Amino group (basic) and Carboxyl group (acidic) correct answer: AMINO ACIDS Amino acids represent building blocks for _____________, which are the most abundant and functionally diverse molecules in the living system correct answer: Proteins This is Based on nature of their side chain groups, polarity, fate of carbon skeleton, and nutritional requirement correct answer: The Classification of Amino acids These are organic compounds whose carbon atoms are linked in open chains , either straight or branched , rather than containing a benzene ring These include: Glycine, Alanine, Valine, Leucine and Isoleucine correct answer: Aliphatic Valine, Leucine and Isoleucine contain branched aliphatic side chains therefore they are termed ______________________________ correct answer: branched chain amino acids These AAs have side chains containing Hydroxyl (OH) groups: correct answer: Serine, threonine and tyrosine These AAs 3) side chains containing Sulfur atoms: correct answer: Cysteine and Methionine AAs with side chains containing acidic groups and their amides: correct answer: Aspartic acid, Asparagine Glutamic acid, Glutamine AAs with side chains containing basic groups: correct answer: Arginine, lysine and histidine