AUA Foundations Questions: Goal 4 Questions With Complete Solutions

Understand the storage of genetic information and how it is passed down to successive generations and the principles of basic techniques in molecular biology This is the direction that both bacteria and human DNA use in Replication correct answer: Bidirectional synthesis This contains the plasma membrane, DNA, the cell wall, flagellum, and ribosomes in the cell correct answer: The Prokaryote Genome This is circular in bacteria cells, attached to the plasma membrane, and can include a separate DNA fragment called plasmid DNA correct answer: The Prokaryote Genome These are small and circular DNA that can carry antibiotic resistance genes and can be transferred between bacteria within the prokaryotic genome correct answer: Plasmids Each human chromosome consists of a single ______________ of about 6cm. correct answer: DNA molecule This is the structural organization of DNA that contains nuclear proteins and chromatin correct answer: The chromosome The proteins in the chromosome contain these types: correct answer: histones and non-histones These are examples of histones in the body correct answer: - linker H1 - core histones H2A, H2B, H3, H4 These are examples of non-histones in the body correct answer: HMGs, transcription factors, etc. These are the basic unit of organization of DNA around a histone octamer (two each of the core histones H2A,H2B,H3 and H4). correct answer: Nucleosome This histone bounds the nucleosome and other histones, and helps with folding of chromatin correct answer: histone H1 The absense (thinner) or present (thicker) of Histone H1 leads to this arrangement, which is how linker DNA is connected with nucleosomes correct answer: "beads on a string" arrangement The chromatin fibers are further folded into the highly