AUA Med 1 -- Foundations- Carbohydrates- Questions With Complete Solutions

Main source of energy of the body correct answer: glucose What carbs break down and transform it to what ? correct answer: Breaks down CO2 and H2O then transform it to ATP ( the currency of energy ) What are dietary carbs ? correct answer: Lactose , sucrose , starch , fiber ( prevent colon cancer , constipation) What are carbs made from ? correct answer: aldehydes or ketones Classical examples of carbs ? correct answer: glucose and fructose what is the excess of carbs converted to ? correct answer: Fat What are the types of carbohydrates ? correct answer: monosaccharides, disaccharides, polysaccharides What are monosaccharides? correct answer: they have 1 monosaccharide unit List the monosaccharides correct answer: glucose, fructose, galactose, deoxyribose, ribose What is glucose? correct answer: has 6 carbons, source of energy , aldose sugar ( aldehyde ) What happens if the concentration of glucose increased in the blood ? correct answer: it is observed in the diabetic patients, they get glucose in urine which normal people dont what happens to chronic diabetic patients ? correct answer: the glucose in the eye lens is reduced to sorbitol which causes catarct What is fructose? correct answer: fruit sugar, 6 carbon , keto sugar, a component of sucrose