nur 176 hondros final exam 2022 with Complete Solutions

alzheimers - ANSWER-a kind of dementia cause is unknown duration of 8-10 years 6th leading cause of death most common dementia onset usually is 65 and up meningitis and encephalitis diagnostic tests - ANSWER-ct scan mri eeg lumbar puncture meningitis - ANSWER-pathological condition inflammation of the meninges can be viral bacterial and fungal viral is most common but less severe bacterial is less common but more severe fall winter months are most common vaccine available encouraged in college DROPLET ISOLATION WHO IS AT RISK for meningitis and encepalitis - ANSWER-everyone!!! people with weak immune systems what to do for meningitis - ANSWER-antibiotics antivirals antifungals vaccination drplet isolation monitor for dehydration maintain cool dark room seizure safety precautions ICP signs and symptoms - ANSWER-adults get headache and change from baseline infants have irritability poor feeding and may have a bulge in the fontanel icp primary prevention - ANSWER-diet exercise and no nicotie icp collaborative prevention - ANSWER-multiple strategies depend on the underling cause prevent secondary injury to brain by improving or maintaining perfusion tests for impaired intracranial regulation - ANSWER-mental status testing cranial nerve testing glasgow coma scale NIHSS populations at risk for impaired intrcranial regulation - ANSWER-elderly due to falls and degenerative issues adolescents due to traumatic imjuries ind. risk factors depends on the cause of injury intracranial regulation - ANSWER-balance needed for brain functiion can impact function focuses on things that specifically affect whats inside skull impaired intracranial regulation categories - ANSWER-pefusion-must get blood to brain problem can lead to gas exchange problems-vent neurotransmission-nerve impules must be able to occur problem can lead t uncontrolled impulses-seizures patho-brain must be healthy problems can lead to tumor MS or meningitis ways to decrease icp - ANSWER-positioning in low fowlers reverse trendelenburg activity keep them calm airway mgt probable vent hyperventilation lowers co2 bowel mgt no straining meningitis signs and symptoms - ANSWER-severe headache nuchal riggidity (stiff neck) irritabilty or malaise n/v fever tachycardia kernigs sign brudinskis sign ms diagnostic tests - ANSWER-no definitive tests diagnosis based on pts primary history mri will show presence of lesions over time ct scan will show enlargement of cerebral ventricles stroke CVA - ANSWER-brain attack act fast most common disease of the nerve system can affect all age groups