nutr 400 exam 3 Questions With Complete Solutions.

1. Know the fat-soluble vitamins and water-soluble vitamins. correct answer: a. fat-soluble: Vitamins A,D,E,K b. water-soluble: vitamin C and B vitamins. (B1-3, 5-7, 9, 12) 1. Understand why there are so many B vitamins and why the numbers are not sequential (along with a general understanding of the history of micronutrients). correct answer: a. EV McCollum recognized that deficiency in water-soluble factor B caused beriberi. Factor B is vitamin B, researchers realized that factor B consisted of 2 factors B1 and B2 and then they realized that there are multiple components in B2. b. vitamins B4, B8, B10, and B11 were discovered and then abandoned because we realized that those components already existed as other B vitamins. The numbers remained the same however. 1. Understand the difference between macrominerals, trace minerals, and ultratrace minerals. correct answer: a. not an exact definition on why they are different but in general they are defined by the amount required and found in the body. Macrominerals are required in the largest, then trace minerals, and then ultratrace minerals. b. minerals are elements, but not all elements are minerals. a. DRIs: correct answer: provide quantitative advice to the public about diet and chronic disease prevention. DRIs are a collective term to refer to the components of EAR, RDA, AI, UL, CDRR. i. RDA: correct answer: requirement estimated to meet the needs of 97.5% of the population. calculated using EAR. EAR needs to be set before RDA can be set. 1. RDA formula = EAR + 2 standard deviations ii. EAR: correct answer: the estimated requirement to meet the needs of 50% of the population. meaning it is the average.