HNSC 1210 - Chapter 4 Questions With Complete Solutions

Carbohydrates correct answer: Compounds composed of single or multiple sugars. The name means "carbon and water" and a chemical shorthand for carbohydrate is CHO Complex Carbohydrates correct answer: Long chains of sugar units arranged to form starch or fiber; also called polysaccharides Simple Carbohydrates correct answer: Sugars, including both single sugar units and linked pairs of sugar units. The basic sugar unit is a molecule containing six carbon atoms, together with oxygen and hydrogen atoms "Added Sugars" correct answer: Sugars and syrups added to a food for any purpose, such as to provide sweetness or bulk or to aid in browning. Also called carbohydrate sweeteners, they include glucose, fructose, corn syrup, concentrated fruit juice, and other sweet carbohydrates Sweeteners correct answer: - Sugar alcohols: - Members of chemical alcohol family (structure) - Sorbitol, mannitol, xylitol, isomalt, maltitol, lactitol - Not readily used by mouth bacteria - All have 3-5 Calories/g but poorly absorbed - Artificial Sweeteners - Aspartame (200 x sweeter than sucrose), acesulfame-K (200 x), sucralose (600 x) [cyclamate and saccharin have restricted uses in Canada] - Calorie-free because so little is used - Aspartame = phenylalanine + aspartic acid, 4 cal/g from the amino acids but calorie-free; product warning for people with PKU (phenylketonuria)