ATI RN Pharmacology 2 Exam Study Guide Questions & Answers with Rationales Complete Rated A+

Which drug works by blocking serotonin in the gastrointestinal tract, vomiting center, and chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ)? A) metoclopramide (Reglan) B) meclizine (Antivert) C) droperidol (Inapsine) D) ondansetron (Zofran) - D) ondansetron (Zofran) Ondansetron is a serotonin blocker. Metoclopramide is a prokinetic drug, meclizine is an antihistamine, and droperidol is an antidopaminergic drug. The nurse will teach patients that antacids are effective in the treatment of hyperacidity because they do which of the following? A). Decrease gastric pH B). Neutralize gastric acid C). Decrease duodenal pH D). Decrease stomach motility - B). Neutralize gastric acid Antacids work by neutralizing gastric acid, which would cause an increase, rather than a decrease in pH. They do not affect duodenal pH. They do not affect gastric motility. Which antiparkinson medication is a levodopa enhancer? A.) Carbidopa B.) Entacapone C.) Amantadine D.) Bromocriptine - A.) Carbidopa Carbidopa, an anti-Parkinson's drug, is a levadopa enhancer. Entacapone is an indirect-acting dopamine drug. Amantadine is an antiviral medication often used to treat the influenza virus. Bromocriptine is a non-dopamine dopamine receptor agonist A patient was prescribed gabapentin for neuropathic pain. Which information is appropriate to include in the patient's discharge teaching? A. Take the medication before meals. B. Do not drink alcohol while on this medication. C. Take the medication with a full glass of water. D. Stop the medication if you develop gastric upset. - B. Do not drink alcohol while on this medication Gabapentin is effective as a single drug therapy for new onset epilepsy and is most commonly used for the treatment of neuropathic pain. It is essential to the teach the patient that he should not drink alcohol while on the medication as it contributes to neurologic depression and sleepiness. When a patient is prescribed gabapentin, a thorough neurologic assessment should be performed. The patient should be taught why he is receiving the drug and what should be done for side effects. This medication is taken without regard for meals and should not be stopped immediately even for gastric upset. The healthcare provider should be notified and if this is the best medication for the patient, other intervention should be tried. Carbidopa- levadopa is prescribed for a client with Parkinson's disease. The nurse monitors the client for side and adverse effects of the medication. Which finding indicates that the client is experiencing an adverse effect? A. Pruritus B. Tachycardia C. Hypertension D. Impaired voluntary movements - D. Impaired voluntary movements Dyskinesia and impaired voluntary movements may occur with high carbidopa levodopa dosages. Nausea, anorexia, dizziness, orthostatic hypotension, bradycardia, and akinesia are frequent side effects of the medication. What is the initial nursing intervention in preventing polypharmacy? A. Obtain a thorough medication history B. Discontinue all herbal preparations C. Refer the patient to a geriatric practitioner D. Consult a pharmacist to review all medications. - A. Obtain a thorough medication history When listing the patient's medications you find that she has two very similar blood pressure medication as prescribed by different doctors. To remedy the problem of polypharmacy, you would recommend that she does what? A. Give each doctor she sees a list of her medications B. Make certain that she knows exactly what each prescription is supposed to treat. C. Obtain her prescription medication's from one pharmacy D. Ask her daughter to monitor her prescriptions for her. - C. Obtain her prescription medication's from one pharmacy.