Nystce Cst Math Questions And Answers 2023/24 Update

whole numbers numbers that tell you how many, infinite 0,1,2,3,4,5, 6...... infinity prime number A whole number that has exactly two factors, 1 and itself. Examples: 2, 3, 5, 7, 11 composite number a whole number greater than 1 that has more than two factors examples: 4, 6, 8, 9 cardinal numbers how many of something there are Example: a cardinal bird has 100 feathers ordinal numbers tell the order of how things are set, they show the position or the rank of something. Example: Winnie is my third animal. place value the value of a digit depends on the place it occupies millions, hundred thousands, ten thousands, thousands, hundreds, tens, ones, tenths, hundredths, thousandths positive exponents tiny number that shows repeated multiplication, shows how many times the factor appears rules for exponents -can use rules to multiply or divide exponents with the same base 7^8 x 7^6 = 7^(8+6) 7^8 / 7^6 = 7^(8-6) scientific notation uses powers of 10. the power shows how many zeros to use. used with whole numbers and decimals ex. 10^0=1 10^1=10 10^2=100 10^(-1)=0.1 10^(-2)=0.01 Steps to create scientific notation 1. write the # with with a decimal with one numeral to the left of the decimal point (. becomes 2.13241) 2. count the number of jumps made (two) 3. jumps to the right= negative (10^-2) jumps to the right= positive Examples: 2,345= 2.345x10^3 176.8= 1.768x10^2 0.0034= 3.4x10^(-3) understanding and ordering decimals decimals used to represent numbers between 0 and 1 tenths, hundredths, thousandths, ten thousandths, hundred thousandths, ect. rounding steps 1. stand in the place you're rounding to 2. look at the digit to the right 3. 5 or above, give it a shove - 4 or below, let it go! rational numbers numbers that can be written as a fraction or a ratio with a numerator and a denominator -can be written as decimals that terminate or repeat -every fraction can be represented by a decimal that terminates or repeats 1= 1/1 .25= 1/4 (terminates) .(repeating)= 2/3 1.5= 3/2 ratio irrational numbers a real number that cannot be written as a simple fraction. Famous irrational numbers -PI: π = 3.2795... (and more) -square root of two: 1.414...... undefined numbers any number divided by 0 1/0 equivalent fractions 2 fractions that stand for the same number finding an equivalent fraction multiply or divide the numerator and denominator by the same number how to compare two fractions 1. write the two fractions and cross multiply 2. the larger cross product appears next to the larger fraction 3. if cross products are equal, then the fractions are equivalent how to change an improper fraction to a mixed number 1. count how many times the denominator goes into the numerator 2. count the value left in the numerator 3. put that over the denominator how to change a mixed number to an improper fraction 1. multiply the whole number and denominator to get product 2. add the number to that product 3. put the product/denominator integers negative whole numbers, zero, and positive whole numbers get smaller as you guy left on the number line and larger as you go right PEMDAS (1) parenthesis (2) exponents (3) multiplication OR division (4) addition OR subtraction key words (addition) sum, and, more, increased by, how many in all, the total, key words (subtraction) less, difference, decreased by, how many left, how much larger, how many in the rest key words (multiplication) of, product, times key words (division) per, quotient, shared, ratio key words (equals) is, equals factors numbers that evenly divide into other numbers with no remainder *(the number 1 is a factor in every number, each number is a factor of itself) greatest common factor (GCF) the largest factor shared by two numbers Example: 28 and 36 28: 1,2,4,7,14,28 36: 1,2,3,4,6,9,12,18,36 both have 1,2,4, largest is 4 gcf=4 least common multiple (LCM) least common is the smallest multiple shared by two numbers ex. 6 and 8 6: 6,12,18,24,30... 8: 8,16,24,32,... 24 is common, Least common= LCM=24 multiples are all the numbers you get when you count by that number ex. 3= 3,6,9,12 2= 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 Commutative Operation the order either side of the operation doesn't matter a+b = b+a Example: 3x5 = 5x3 Associative Property Changing the grouping of numbers will NOT change the value. Example: (8+5) +9 = 8+ (5+9) Distributive Property of multiplication over addition a property indicating a special way in which multiplication is applied to addition of two or more numbers in which each term inside a set of parentheses can be multiplied by a factor outside the parentheses, such as a(b + c) = ab + ac 4(8+3) = 32+12 =44