Answers Test Bank For Microbiology Fundamentals A Clinical Approach 4th Edition by Marjorie Kelly Cowan

Chapter 01 Introduction to Microbes and Their Building Blocks Multiple Choice Questions 1) The major groups of microorganisms studied by microbiologists include . A) bacteria B) plants C) helminths D) algae E) fungi F) viruses G) archaea H) protozoa 2) Select all answers that are roles played by microorganisms in our environment. A) Carry out photosynthesis B) Biological decomposition C) Nutrient recycling D) Complex relationships with animals but not plants 3) Select statements that apply to the theory of evolution to test your understanding of evolution. A) Has undergone years of testing B) Is a new untested hypothesis C) Has not been disproven D) Lacks supportive evidence E) Is a well-established natural phenomenon 4) Which of the following are correctly matched? A) Bacteria—no nucleus B) Bacteria—true nucleus C) Archaea—true nucleus D) Archaea—no nucleus E) Eukaryotes—true nucleus F) Eukaryotes—no nucleus 5) Select the main groups of macromolecules found in living things. A) Nucleic acids B) Oxygen C) Carbon dioxide D) Lipids E) Proteins F) Carbohydrates 6) Select the nitrogenous bases found in nucleotides that make up RNA. A) Guanine B) Uracil C) Thymine D) Adenine E) Cytosine 7) Select the nitrogenous bases found in nucleotides that make up DNA. A) Guanine B) Uracil C) Thymine D) Adenine E) Cytosine 8) Select characteristics exhibited by all cells. A) Cytoplasmic membrane B) Nucleus C) DNA D) Ribosomes E) Cell wall F) Organelles 9) Select all areas that comprise the main aspects of the science of taxonomy. A) Classification B) Genetics C) Nomenclature D) Analysis E) Identification 10) When humans manipulate the genes of microorganisms, the process is called . A) bioremediation B) genetic engineering C) epidemiology D) immunology E) taxonomy 11) Which of the following is not considered a microorganism? A) Mosquito B) Protozoan C) Bacterium D) Virus E) Fungus 12) All microorganisms are best defined as organisms that . A) cause human disease B) lack a cell nucleus C) are infectious particles D) are too small to be seen with the unaided eye E) can only be found growing in laboratories 13) Which activity is an example of biotechnology? A) Bacteria in the soil secreting an antibiotic to kill competitors B) A microbiologist using the microscope to study bacteria C) Egyptians using moldy bread on wounds D) Escherichia coli producing human insulin E) Public health officials monitoring diseases in a community 14) Living things ordinarily too small to be seen with the unaided eye are termed . A) bacteria B) viruses C) parasites D) microorganisms E) prokaryotes 15) The microorganisms that recycle nutrients by breaking down dead matter and wastes are called . A) decomposers B) prokaryotes C) pathogens D) eukaryotes E) fermenters 16) Cells, like bacteria and archaea, that do not have a nucleus in their cells have traditionally been called . A) decomposers B) prokaryotes C) pathogens D) eukaryotes E) fermenters 17) The first cells appeared about billion years ago. A) 5.2 B) 4.6 C) 3.8 D) 2.9 E) 1.5 18) Which of the following is not a human use of microorganisms? A) Making bread B) Treating water and sewage C) Manufacturing copper wire D) Mass producing antibiotics E) Cleaning up oil spills 19) Using microbes to detoxify a site contaminated with heavy metals is an example of . A) biotechnology B) bioremediation C) decomposition D) immunology E) epidemiology 20) Disease-causing microorganisms are called . A) decomposers B) prokaryotes C) pathogens D) eukaryotes E) fermenters 21) The most prevalent worldwide infectious diseases are . A) AIDS-related diseases B) diarrheal diseases C) malaria diseases D) measles E) respiratory diseases 22) Which of the following is a unique characteristic of viruses that distinguishes them from the other major groups of microorganisms? A) Cause human disease B) Lack a nucleus C) Cannot be seen without a microscope D) Contain genetic material E) Lack cell structure 23) Helminths are . A) bacteria B) protozoa C) molds D) parasitic worms E) infectious particles 24) Which group of microorganisms is composed only of hereditary material wrapped in a protein covering? A) Viruses B) Bacteria C) Parasites D) Fungi E) Helminths 25) Which statement correctly compares the sizes of different microorganisms? A) Bacteria are larger than viruses B) Bacteria are larger than eukaryotic microorganisms C) Eukaryotic microorganisms are smaller than viruses D) Archaea are larger than eukaryotic microorganisms but smaller than bacteria 26) The Dutch merchant who made and used quality magnifying lenses to see and record microorganisms was . A) Francesco Redi B) Antonie van Leeuwenhoek C) Louis Pasteur D) Joseph Lister E) Robert Koch 27) Koch's postulates are criteria used to establish that . A) microbes are found on dust particles B) a specific microbe is the cause of a specific disease C) life forms can only arise from preexisting life forms D) a specific microbe should be classified in a specific kingdom E) microbes can be used to clean up toxic spills 28) The surgeon who advocated using disinfectants on hands and in the air prior to surgery was . A) Joseph Lister B) Ignaz Semmelweis C) Robert Koch D) Louis Pasteur E) Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 29) Sterility refers to . A) being pathogen free B) having an absence of spores C) having an absence of any life forms and viral particles D) being pasteurized E) being homogenized 30) Which scientist showed that anthrax was caused by the bacterium, Bacillus anthracis? A) Joseph Lister B) Ignaz Semmelweis C) Robert Koch D) Louis Pasteur E) Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 31) If you were a microbiologist in 1950, which of the following scientific principles would you already know? setting. A) Aseptic techniques could reduce the number of wound infections in the surgical B) Biofilms can form on implanted objects in the human body and be responsible for infection. C) Enzymes found in bacteria can be used to cut DNA. D) Very little DNA is transcribed into RNA that is then translated into proteins. 32) Taxonomy does not involve .