Fresenius Progressive Renal
Education Program Exam Questions
With Complete Solutions Graded A+
Patient Care Technician's Roles and Resposibility Answer - Evaluate patients and
reinforce nursing education
What are the anatomical structures of the Urinary System in order of urine flow?
Answer - The Urinary System is made of 2 kidneys, 2 ureters, a bladder, and a
urethra
What is a nephron? Answer - Nephron is the functional units of the kidney
What is the nephron composed by? Answer - the Glomerurles. Tangled cluster of
capillaries surrounded by the Bowman's capsule. And the tubles
What are the functional units of the kidney? Answer - Nephrons
How blood is processed by capillaries, Bowman's capsule, and tuble? Answer -
Blood enters the kidney through the renal artery. The artery eventually branches off
into arterioles and finally capillaries. Bowman's capsule empties the filtrate into a
tuble.
What are 4 functions of nephron? Answer - 1. Filtration, 2. Re-absorption, 3.
Secretion, and 4. Excretion
The kidney has 7 functions: A? Answer - Acid-Base balance. Bicarbonate
The kidney has 7 functions: W? Answer - Water balance maintenance. Blood volume
and Urination
The kidney has 7 functions: E? Answer - Electrolyte balance and Erythropoietin
production
The kidney has 7 functions: T? Answer - Toxin removal. Creatinine, Urea, Uric Acid,
and Ammonia
The kidney has 7 functions: B Answer - Blood Pressure regulation. Renin hormone
The kidney has 7 functions: D? Answer - Vitamin D metabolism/ activation. Calcitriol
hormone
What electrolytes does kidney balance? Answer - Potassium, Calcium, and Sodium
, Glomerular Filtration Rate in the stage 5 of kidney disease? Answer - GFR is Less
than 15
Glomerular Filtration Rate in the stage 4 of kidney disease? Answer - GFR is 15-29
Glomerular Filtration Rate in the stage 3 of kidney disease? Answer - GFR is 30-59
Glomerular Filtration Rate in the stage 2 of kidney disease? Answer - GFR is 60-89
Glomerular Filtration Rate in the stage 1 of kidney disease? Answer - GFR is More
than 90
What are the Types of Kidney Failure? Answer - Acute Renal failure and Chronic
Renal failure
What are 3 main causes of Acute Renal Failure/ Acute Kidney Injury? Answer - Drug
toxicity, Motor Vehicle Accident, and Dehydration
What are ARF and AKI? Answer - Acute Renal Failure, Acute Kidney Injury
What are 3 main causes of Chronic Renal Failure? Answer - Diabetes, Hypertension,
and Glomerulonephritis
What are classic signs of Renal Failure? Answer - Elevated serum levels of BUN/
Creatinine, Phosphorus, and potassium. Anemia, Nerve damage, Yellow-grayish
skin, Fluid overload, Shortness of Breath, Edema, Hypertension, and Proteinuria
Whats are classic symptoms of Renal Failure? Answer - Uremia, Lethargy,
Weakness, Headache, Itching, Fatigue, Nausea, Restlessness, Mental status
changes, and Loss of appetite.
What is Anemia? Answer - Lack of Red Blood Cells (RBC)
What are causes of Anemia? Answer - Decreased or lacking Erythropoietin
production, Shortened RBC lifespan, Decreased iron absorption, and blood loss
during dialysis
How is Anemia treated? Answer - Erythropoieting Stimulating Agents are
administrated
Dialysis replace three main kidney tasks? Answer - 1. Removing waste from the
blood, 2. Removing excess fluid from the blood, and 3. Keeping electrolytes in
balance
Solvents Answer - Fluids which dissolve particles
Hypertonic Answer - Solution that has a higher concentration of dissolved particles
compared with another solution
Solutes Answer - Particles which are dissolved in fluid
Education Program Exam Questions
With Complete Solutions Graded A+
Patient Care Technician's Roles and Resposibility Answer - Evaluate patients and
reinforce nursing education
What are the anatomical structures of the Urinary System in order of urine flow?
Answer - The Urinary System is made of 2 kidneys, 2 ureters, a bladder, and a
urethra
What is a nephron? Answer - Nephron is the functional units of the kidney
What is the nephron composed by? Answer - the Glomerurles. Tangled cluster of
capillaries surrounded by the Bowman's capsule. And the tubles
What are the functional units of the kidney? Answer - Nephrons
How blood is processed by capillaries, Bowman's capsule, and tuble? Answer -
Blood enters the kidney through the renal artery. The artery eventually branches off
into arterioles and finally capillaries. Bowman's capsule empties the filtrate into a
tuble.
What are 4 functions of nephron? Answer - 1. Filtration, 2. Re-absorption, 3.
Secretion, and 4. Excretion
The kidney has 7 functions: A? Answer - Acid-Base balance. Bicarbonate
The kidney has 7 functions: W? Answer - Water balance maintenance. Blood volume
and Urination
The kidney has 7 functions: E? Answer - Electrolyte balance and Erythropoietin
production
The kidney has 7 functions: T? Answer - Toxin removal. Creatinine, Urea, Uric Acid,
and Ammonia
The kidney has 7 functions: B Answer - Blood Pressure regulation. Renin hormone
The kidney has 7 functions: D? Answer - Vitamin D metabolism/ activation. Calcitriol
hormone
What electrolytes does kidney balance? Answer - Potassium, Calcium, and Sodium
, Glomerular Filtration Rate in the stage 5 of kidney disease? Answer - GFR is Less
than 15
Glomerular Filtration Rate in the stage 4 of kidney disease? Answer - GFR is 15-29
Glomerular Filtration Rate in the stage 3 of kidney disease? Answer - GFR is 30-59
Glomerular Filtration Rate in the stage 2 of kidney disease? Answer - GFR is 60-89
Glomerular Filtration Rate in the stage 1 of kidney disease? Answer - GFR is More
than 90
What are the Types of Kidney Failure? Answer - Acute Renal failure and Chronic
Renal failure
What are 3 main causes of Acute Renal Failure/ Acute Kidney Injury? Answer - Drug
toxicity, Motor Vehicle Accident, and Dehydration
What are ARF and AKI? Answer - Acute Renal Failure, Acute Kidney Injury
What are 3 main causes of Chronic Renal Failure? Answer - Diabetes, Hypertension,
and Glomerulonephritis
What are classic signs of Renal Failure? Answer - Elevated serum levels of BUN/
Creatinine, Phosphorus, and potassium. Anemia, Nerve damage, Yellow-grayish
skin, Fluid overload, Shortness of Breath, Edema, Hypertension, and Proteinuria
Whats are classic symptoms of Renal Failure? Answer - Uremia, Lethargy,
Weakness, Headache, Itching, Fatigue, Nausea, Restlessness, Mental status
changes, and Loss of appetite.
What is Anemia? Answer - Lack of Red Blood Cells (RBC)
What are causes of Anemia? Answer - Decreased or lacking Erythropoietin
production, Shortened RBC lifespan, Decreased iron absorption, and blood loss
during dialysis
How is Anemia treated? Answer - Erythropoieting Stimulating Agents are
administrated
Dialysis replace three main kidney tasks? Answer - 1. Removing waste from the
blood, 2. Removing excess fluid from the blood, and 3. Keeping electrolytes in
balance
Solvents Answer - Fluids which dissolve particles
Hypertonic Answer - Solution that has a higher concentration of dissolved particles
compared with another solution
Solutes Answer - Particles which are dissolved in fluid
