Aviation Weather Test Questions and Answers Rated A+

2.199: Describe the characteristics of the troposphere. - Atmospheric layer with an average height of 36,000 feet MSL, with variance in height from pressure systems and seasonal differences. Temperature decreases and air becomes less dense with increases in altitude. All weather occurs in this atmospheric layer. 2.200: Describe the characteristics of the tropopause. - Transition zone between the troposphere and the stratosphere. Temperature is constant, with moderate to severe turbulence from the jet stream just below this area. 2.201: Describe the characteristics of the stratosphere. - Atmospheric layer that is thin and smooth with excellent visibility. Temperature is constant until 66000 ft. MSL, where temperature lapse inverts. 2.202: Describe the flight conditions associated with the troposphere. - Large amounts of moisture, winds increase with altitude, contains nearly all weather. 2.203: Describe the flight conditions associated with the tropopause. - Contains turbulence, contrails and may contain the tops of severe thunderstorms. 2.204: Describe the flight conditions associated with the stratosphere. - Thin and smooth with excellent visibility. 2.205: Define lapse rate. - The decrease in atmospheric temperature with increasing altitude. 2.206: State the average lapse rate in degrees Celsius. - 2°C for each 1000 feet of altitude. 2.207: Define atmospheric pressure. - The pressure exerted on a surface by the atmosphere due to the weight of the column of air directly above that surface. 2.208: State the standard units of pressure measurement. - Inches of mercury (in. Hg.), expressed by the height of a column of mercury that can be supported by the pressure, and millibars (mb), a direct representation of force per unit area. 2.209: Define the standard atmosphere. - A reference to standard day conditions at sea level. Pressure is 29.92 in. Hg. / 1013.2 mb and temperature is 15°C / 59°F. 2.210: Differentiate between sea level pressure and station pressure. - Station pressure is the atmospheric pressure measured directly at an airfield or weather station. Sea level pressure is the pressure that would be measured from the existing conditions if the station were located at mean sea level. 2.211: Define the types of altitudes. - Indicated altitude is the altitude that is read directly from the altimeter. Calibrated altitude is indicated altitude corrected for instrument error. True altitude (MSL) is the actual height above mean sea level, found by correcting calibrated altitude for temperature deviations. Absolute altitude (AGL) is the aircraft's height above the terrain directly beneath the aircraft, expressed in feet above ground level. Pressure altitude is the height above the standard datum plane, which is the actual height above or below the surface where barometric pressure is 29.92 in. Hg. Density altitude, used as a measure of aircraft performance, is pressure altitude corrected for nonstandard temperature. 2.36: Define indicated altitude. - The altitude read directly from the altimeter. 2.212: Describe the effects of pressure changes on aircraft altimeters. - If the pressure increases, the altimeter will indicate that the aircraft is lower than the true altitude, and vice versa. Pressure changes represent 100 ft. change for each 0.1 in. Hg. Use the mnemonic "high to low, look out below; low to high, plenty of sky." 2.213: Describe the effects of temperature deviations from the standard lapse rate on aircraft altimeters. - In the temperature increases, the altimeter will indicate that the aircraft is lower than the true altitude, and vice versa. The altimeter error will be 4% for every 11°C of temperature change.