NR-228: Content Review Week 3 Fats and Lipids Questions With Complete Solutions

What are the 3 types of lipids correct answer: -Triglycerides -Phospholipids -Sterols of the fat in foods and in the body, how much is triglycerides? correct answer: 95% Food Functions of Fats correct answer: Source of energy -Palatability -Satiety and Satiation -Food processing: maintain shelf life and emulsifier provided properties for processing foods -Nutrient source: Contain or transport Fat-soluble vitamins A, D, E, K; Contain / transport Essential Fatty acids Types of triglycerides correct answer: Saturated monounsaturated, polyunsaturated Deficiencies of Essential fatty acids can occur with correct answer: -Older Pts w/ PVD -Pts w/ CF and impaired fat metabolism -Pts receiving protein malnutrition treatments and have a low-fat diet -Pts recovering from serious conditions, including burns functions of Essential fatty acids correct answer: Assist in formation of Prostaglandins (BP regulation, platelet and clotting mechanism, gastric acid secretion, and muscle secretions) -Provide strength to cell membrane Physiological functions of fatty acids correct answer: -Stored energy -Protection of vital organs -Regulation of Body temp -Insulation: Myelin - covers nerve cells and increases transmission of nerve impulses Function of Phospholipids correct answer: Form part of the cell membranes -Provide emulsifier role that allows fats to be dispersed in body fluids (emulsification is a property that allows some fats to be soluble in water) -Carries fat and cholesterol away from Arterial walls and plaque Functions of Sterols correct answer: Part of a compound in the body -Bile: made by liver w/ cholesterol -forms Vit D -forms Hormones -Cells in brain and nerve tissue Ex: -Cholesterol: important part of cell membrane, nerve tissue and conversion of Vit D w/ sunlight Define Saturated fats correct answer: All bonding sites attached -Ex: Beef, poultry, lamb, pork, lunchmeats Define Monounsaturated fats (MUFA) correct answer: Bonds