WGU D265 Critical Thinking Section 4 with Complete Solutions

Fallacies of Relevance - ANSWER-Arguments that are really distractions from the main point - Ad Hominem - Appeal of Consquences - Genetic Fallacy - Equivocation - Ad Populum - Irrelevant Appeals - ANSWER-Types of Fallacies of Relevance ad hominem attack - ANSWER-An attack on a person rather than his or her argument Genetic Fallacy - ANSWER-Condemning an argument because of where it began, how it began, or who began it. Irrelevant Appeals - ANSWER-attempt to sway the listener with information that, though persuasive, is irrelevant to the matter at hand ad populum (aka bandwagon) - ANSWER-This fallacy occurs when evidence boils down to "everybody's doing it, so it must be a good thing to do." appeal of consquences - ANSWER-attempt to motivate belief with an appeal either to the good consequences of believing or the bad consequences of disbelieving Equivocation - ANSWER-the use of ambiguous language to conceal the truth or to avoid committing oneself; prevarication Fallacies of Weak Induction - ANSWER-A group of informal fallacies that occur because the connection between the premises and conclusion is not strong enough to support the conclusion - Hasty Generalization -Appeal to Ignorance - Post Hoc Ergo Propter Hoc - ANSWER-Types of Fallacies of Weak Induction Appeal to Ignorance - ANSWER-A fallacy that uses an opponent's inability to disprove a conclusion as proof of the conclusion's correctness. post hoc ergo propter hoc - ANSWER-This fallacy is Latin for "after which therefore because of which," meaning that it is incorrect to always claim that something is a cause just because it happened earlier. One may loosely summarize this fallacy by saying that correlation does not imply causation.