BIOL 341 test

Effects of Aging RBC - correct answerReduced glycolysis Reduced 2,3-DPG and ATP Increased Rigidity Accumulation of Na+ and Ca2+ Destruction in Spleen Hemolytic - correct answerReduced RBC lifespan Hereditary Causes of Hemolytic Anemia - correct answerDefects in RBC membrane Defects in RBC metabolism Abnormal Hb Acquired Causes of Hemolytic Anemia - correct answerActivation of Immune system Drugs and chemicals Physical factors Infection Diseases Hemolytic Anemia (symptoms) - correct answerIncreased Reticulocytes Decreased Workload Dark urine Pigmented Gallstones Ankle Ulcers Splenomegaly Increased Folate requirement Autosomal dominant - correct answerWhat type of inheritance is Hereditary Spherocytic Anemia? Spectrin - correct answerWhat protein is affected in Hereditary Spherocytic Anemia? Hereditary Spherocytic Anemia - correct answerRBCs lose pieces of membrane in Spleen Hereditary Spherocytic Anemia (symptoms) - correct answerAbdominal pain (with infections) Splenomegaly Howell-Jolly bodies (after splenectomy) Hereditary Spherocytic Anemia (treatment) - correct answerFolate supplements Splenectomy NADP to NADPH - correct answerWhat does G6PD do? Sex linked - correct answerWhat type of inheritance is G6PD deficiency? A- - correct answerWhat is the mutant allele for G6PD deficiency? Hemolytic Episodes triggers (G6PD deficiency) - correct answerSulfa drugs Infections More methemoglobin - correct answerWhat is the effect of less G6PD? 7 to 10 days - correct answerHow long is a Hemolytic episode in G6PD deficiency? G6PD deficiency (symptoms) - correct answerFragmented and Bite cells Increased Reticulocytes Less NADPH Less NADPH - correct answerWhat does Fluorometric assay show in G6PD deficiency? G6PD deficiency (treatment) - correct answerStop drugs or infection Coomb's Test - correct answer1. Wash RBCs 2. Add Anti-Human globulin 3. Check for agglutination IgG - correct answerWhat is the antibody affected for Warm type AIHA? Warm AIHA (treatments) - correct answerTransfusions Corticosteroids (Immunosuppressants) Splenectomy IgM - correct answerWhat antibody is affected in Cold Agglutination Disease? Extremities - correct answerWhat parts of the body are most affected by Cold Agglutination Disease? Negative - correct answerCoomb's Test for Cold Agglutination Disease Cold Agglutination Disease (treatment) - correct answerKeep warm Oral Chemotherapy (Immunosuppressant) Megaloblastic Anemia - correct answerLess DNA synthesis relative to Cytoplasm synthesis All - correct answerWhat type of cells are affected by Megaloblastic anemia? Megaloblastic Anemia (symptoms) - correct answerDecreased Reticulocytes GI symptoms Decreased Workload Increased MCV Hypersegmented Neutrophils Beefy red tongue Folate (food) - correct answerLiver Kidney Orange juice Leafy green vegetables Folate (function) - correct answerCofactor for purine synthesis Vitamin B12 (function) - correct answerMethionine synthase Vitamin B12 (absorption) - correct answer1. B12 binds Salivary R protein 2. Parietal cells secrete IF 3. Pancreatic enzymes degrade R 4. IF binds B12 5. IF-B12 taken up by Ileum 6. Transcobalamin II carries B12 in blood Pernicious Anemia - correct answerLack of function IF B12 Deficiency (symptoms) - correct answerYears to develop Neuropsychological symptoms Pernicious Anemia (cause) - correct answerDestruction of Parietal cells (not gastric bypass) Pernicious Anemia (treatment) - correct answerLifelong not by mouth B12 supplements Hemostasis - correct answer-Ensures blood is confined, free flowing -Fixes hemorrhage, intravascular thrombosis, embolism Vasoconstriction, hemostatic plug - correct answerTwo Mechanisms for Arrest of Bleeding Primary hemostasis - correct answer-Role of Vessel wall and Platelets -Formation of Hemostatic plug Secondary hemostasis - correct answer-Role of blood coagulation involving proteins and cofactors Heparin sulfate (HS) - correct answer-Anticoagulant -Binds Antithrombin Thrombomodulin (TM) - correct answer-Anticoagulant -Binds Thrombin to activate protein C Tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) - correct answer-Anticoagulant -Activates plasminogen Prostacyclin (PGI2) - correct answer-Anticoagulant -Blocks platelet activation Nitric oxide (NO) - correct answer-Anticoagulant -Vasodilation