MMSC 428 Exam 1 (100% Correct)

infectious diseases and public health correct answers -being able to treat infectious diseases w/ use of antibiotics is relatively new still (only since the 1940s) -overuse of antibiotics has lead to new challenges of antibiotic resistance -infectious diseases are a threat to heath worldwide (AIDS, Tb, Malaria still cause a lot of morbidity and mortality) -communicable diseases have high death rates in developing countries due to lack of preventative care, treatment and sanitation -infectious diseases are less prominent causes of death in developed countries, but still a threat to all ages endemic correct answers a disease that is constantly present in a population -e.g. malaria in many African countries epidemic correct answers a disease which is present in higher number of cases than predicted using past data -e.g. influenza epidemics pandemic correct answers a disease that spreads to 2 contients / spreads around the world -e.g. 2019 coronavirus emerging infectious disease (EID) correct answers an infection whose incidence has increased in the last 35 years and could increase in the near future -newly identified human pathogen associated w/ new disease (ebola and AIDS "jumped" from animal disease to infecting humans in Africa) -old pathogen w/ new flair (group A strep mainly caused strep throat until it began causing necrotizing fasciitis in 1970's) -increased incidence / geographic location of infectious agent (west nile and zika viruses both only seen in Africa at first then spread to Europe, then to U.S.) -human pathogen recently associated with existing disease (gastric ulcers were thought to be caused by stress until proven through Koch's postulates to be caused by H. pylori) emerging pathogen correct answers pathogen (disease causing agent) that is newly recognized outbreak correct answers occurrence of an infection that is in numbers exceeding normal and expected numbers -may occur due to ecologic, climate change, human demographic, shipping/ commerce related or public health infrastructure related causes -may be due to adaptability of MOs themselves ecologic changes and EIDs correct answers -agricultural development: forests are cleared to make room for new crops and give humans contact w/ infectious agents, vectors and zoonoses that couldn't be seen otherwise -zoonoses become able to "jump" species