Biology 20: BIOCHEMISTRY exam with complete solution graded A+

Chemicals of Life - 1) Vitamins and Minerals 2) Carbohydrates 3) Proteins 4) Lipids 5) Nucleic Acids What are Carbohydrates? - A molecule that is composed of sugar units that contain hydrogen, carbon, and oxygen in a 1:2:1 ratio. What are the functions of a Carbohydrate? - -primary energy source of cells -structural material of plant cell walls Examples of Carbohydrates - -potatoes -bread -corn -rice -fruit (the human body isn't able to make carbohydrates, so we rely on plants through a process of photosynthesis.) The classification of carbohydrates - -Are classified by the number of sugar units they contain (are either single units- monosaccharide or polymers- plysaccharide Examples of monosaccharides - -Glucose (found in the human blood, main sugar used for eneger in cellular respiration) -Galactose (found in milk) -Fructose (found in fruits)Example of disaccharides - -Sucrose ( table sugar, extracted from sugar canes and sugar beet) {made from flucose and fructose}