ONC Exam 1 Questions & Answers 2023/2024
ONC Exam 1 Questions & Answers 2023/2024 Cancer - ANSWER-abnormal growth and division of cells, apoptosis doesn't occur Solid - ANSWER-(solid/liquid) tumors: breast, lung, prostate, colon, pancreatic, ovarian, etc Liquid - ANSWER-(solid/liquid) tumors: leukemia, lymphoma, multiple myeloma Localized - ANSWER-confined to a single area or organ Metastatic - ANSWER-migration of the same cancer to a distant site away from the primary tumor Sugery - ANSWER-most effective means of cancer treatment, only possible for solid tumors, usually not attempted in metastatic disease, "cut it out" Radiation - ANSWER-causes breaks in DNA by generating free radicals - damages cell membrane, proteins, and organelles, only effective if tumor is superficial, "burn it out" Conventional Chemotherapy - ANSWER-indiscriminately targets DNA structure or replication, "blind and stupid" Targeted Therapies - ANSWER-designed to act on a specific molecular target Biologic Therapies - ANSWER-large molecules with the ability to regulate growth of tumor cells or induce an immune response Hormonal Therapies - ANSWER-rely on endocrine function to alter tumor growth
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