nclex review from test bank 2023

nclex review from test bank 2023 IM meds - CORRECT ANSWER-quickly absorbed, 90 degree angle, 19-23 G needle, 1- 2" length, average adult:11/2, 22G, mandatory to aspirate, purpose is to deposit meds into deep muscle for quick absorption deltoid muscle - CORRECT ANSWER-only used for 1-2 ml of med b/c is smaller muscle quickest absorption - CORRECT ANSWER-#1 is abdomen, #2 is arm, #3 is buttock Insulin - CORRECT ANSWER-done sub-q into fatty tissue, measured in Units, draw up air prior and insert into vial Regular insulin - CORRECT ANSWER-onset:15-30 mins, clear, peak:30-11/2 hr., duration:3-4 hrs., can mix with intermed.& short Humulog - CORRECT ANSWER-onset:15-30mins., clear, peak: 30-11/2, duration: 3-4 hrs., mix with intermed., reg, short NPH - CORRECT ANSWER-onset:1-4hr., cloudy, peak:6-10hrs., duration:10-16, up to 24 hrs., cannot mix!! Lantus - CORRECT ANSWER-onset:1-2hr., clear, no peak, duration:24 hrs., cannot be combined Regular insulin - CORRECT ANSWER-only insulin that can be given IV rotate injection sites - CORRECT ANSWER-to slow formation of scar tissue most insulins - CORRECT ANSWER-given right befor meals to control blood sugar when mixing insulins - CORRECT ANSWER-put air into cloudy first, then clear NPH - CORRECT ANSWER-has regular insulin in it already sliding scale - CORRECT ANSWER-always given with short acting insulin such as reg/ humulog sub-q injections - CORRECT ANSWER-45-90 degree angle, 25G needle, 1/2-1" length, below dermis/above muscle heparin/lovanox - CORRECT ANSWER-bruising will occur aroun inj. sites, apply pressure for at least 30 seconds, check for bleeding gums, stools, sheck V/S for internal bleeding with anticoagulants Intradermal injections - CORRECT ANSWER-10 degree angle, 25-27G needle, 5/8-1/2" needle, barely cover bevel under skin, do not do near a vein, do to the side, used for PPD&allergy testing TB testing - CORRECT ANSWER-read 48-72 hrs later, inject 0.1 ml, assess for induration(hard bump), measure in mm, greater than 5 mm is queestionable, 5-10 need CXR, redness indicates localized reaction not a concern, problem is induration bacteriacidal - CORRECT ANSWER-able to kill bacteria bacteriostatic - CORRECT ANSWER-retards bacteria growth broad spectrum - CORRECT ANSWER-atbs that are effective against many organisms catecholamine - CORRECT ANSWER-neurotransmitters that play important role in body's stress response cathartic - CORRECT ANSWER-meds used to treat constipation depressant - CORRECT ANSWER-slows down mental/physical processes narrow spectrum - CORRECT ANSWER-atbs that are effective agaist a few mo's nephrotoxicity - CORRECT ANSWER-toxicity due to blood and protien in the urine opiate - CORRECT ANSWER-pain relievers r/t opium ototoxicity - CORRECT ANSWER-toxic effect r/t damage to 8th cranial nerve resulting in dizziness, tinnitus, gradual hearing loss septicemia - CORRECT ANSWER-generalized infection throughout body vasoconstrictor - CORRECT ANSWER-constrict blood vessels tetracycline - CORRECT ANSWER-atb lanolin - CORRECT ANSWER-dermatologic valium - CORRECT ANSWER-sedative/hypnotic, a tranquilizer (trade name Valium) used to relieve anxiety and relax muscles morphine - CORRECT ANSWER-narcotic dexamethasone - CORRECT ANSWER-a corticosteroid drug (trade names Decadron or Dexamethasone Intensol or Dexone or Hexadrol or Oradexon) used to treat allergies or inflammation captopril - CORRECT ANSWER-a drug (trade name Capoten) that blocks the formation of angiotensin in the kidneys resulting in vasodilation sudafed - CORRECT ANSWER-vasoconstrictor (trade names Privine and Sudafed) used in nasal sprays to treat symptoms of nasal congestion and in eyedrops to treat eye irritation dramamine - CORRECT ANSWER-antihistamine and antiemetic, used to treat motion sickness prilosec - CORRECT ANSWER-antacid (trade name Prilosec) that suppresses acid secretion in the stomach tamoxifen - CORRECT ANSWER-an antagonist for estrogen that is used in the treatment of breast cancer digitalis - CORRECT ANSWER-cardiotonic lasix - CORRECT ANSWER-commonly used diuretic (trade name Lasix) used to treat hypertension and edema before surgery the pt. should stop using - CORRECT ANSWER-aspirin meds used for antipyretic, inflamm, and analgesia - CORRECT ANSWER-salicylates, NSAIDs when on steriods watch for - CORRECT ANSWER-infection morphine - CORRECT ANSWER-decreases RR 1 ml - CORRECT ANSWER-1cc 1 L - CORRECT ANSWER-1000 ml 1 kg - CORRECT ANSWER-1000 g 1000mg - CORRECT ANSWER-1 g 1 teacup - CORRECT ANSWER-6 oz. 1 T - CORRECT ANSWER-3 tsp 1 tsp - CORRECT ANSWER-60 gtt 1 lb - CORRECT ANSWER-16 oz. 1 ft - CORRECT ANSWER-12 in. 1 qt - CORRECT ANSWER-2 pt 1 pt - CORRECT ANSWER-16 oz larger to smaller - CORRECT ANSWER-right smaller to larger - CORRECT ANSWER-left 2.2lbs. - CORRECT ANSWER-1 kg 1 lb - CORRECT ANSWER-0.45 kg 120 gtts of water - CORRECT ANSWER-1 tsp 1 pinch - CORRECT ANSWER-1/8 tsp first sign of narcotic OD - CORRECT ANSWER-resp. depression what are NSAIDs mainly given for - CORRECT ANSWER-inflammation and pain side effects of barbituates - CORRECT ANSWER-drowsiness, mood change, depression infiltration r/t IV - CORRECT ANSWER-most common problem: when fluid or med leaks out of vein into tissue, edema occurs, feels cool, fluid in tissue will reabsorb eithin 24 hrs. phlebitis r/t IV - CORRECT ANSWER-inflamm of the vessel: caused by irritaition of vessel by needle, cannula, meds. S/S are warnth, swelling, tenderness. IV must be dc'd, warm compress to decrease discomfort septicemia - CORRECT ANSWER-bloodstream infection: if becomes very bas pt may have a red line along arm catheter embolus - CORRECT ANSWER-piece obstructing blood flow may have decreased bp, pain along vein, loss of conscoiusness air embolus - CORRECT ANSWER-may occur when changing bags, opening line