NSG-316 Final Exam with complete solution graded A+

tonsil grading scale - 1+: visible 2+: halfway b/n tonsillar pillars and uvula 3+: touching uvula 4+: touching each other (1-2 in healthy people) normal contour of abdomen - flat or rounded contour of the abdomen describes - nutritional state how to auscultate bowel sounds - use diaphragm of stethoscope, hold lightly against skin, begin in RLQ how long do you need to auscultate in each quadrant to determine bowel sounds are completely absent - 5 minutes how to auscultate vascular sounds - use the bell of the stethoscope, use firmer pressure over the arteries is there usually tenderness when palpating the sigmoid colon - yes what can make organs enlarged - trauma, injury, distention, infection abnormal findings in GI/GU system - -thrills and bruits -obesity -ascites -cysts-tumor -hypo/hyperactive bowel sounds ethnic differences in the lips - black people may have blue lips and a dark line on the gingival margi