RBT Competency Assessment Practice ANSWER AND QUESTIONS

RBT Competency Assessment Practice ANSWER AND QUESTIONS Continuous Measurement - CORRECT ANSWER-measurements taken throughout the entire session examples of C.M: -frequency data (count behavior) -duration data (time behavior) -latency data (time between instruction/prompt and response) -interresponse time (IRT) data (time between two behaviors) How is Discontinuous Measurement different from Continuous Measurement? - CORRECT ANSWER-Continuous measurement data taking take occurs throughout the session, discontinuous measurement is when you take data during a specific part of the session. Discontinuous Measurement (Time Sampling) - CORRECT ANSWER-Observing and recording behavior that takes place in a certain time frame examples of D.M: -partial interval (the behavior counts so long as it occurs within the interval) -whole interval (behavior counts if behavior lasts throughout the whole interval) -momentary time sampling (behavior counts if the behavior occurs at the end of the interval ) these measurements tend to over or underestimate the rate of the target behavior because of the way it is measured--- artifact data What is the most common graph used in ABA? - CORRECT ANSWER-line graph How often should we graph data? - CORRECT ANSWER-Ideally, after every session. What goes on the x-axis? - CORRECT ANSWER-Time What goes on the y-axis? - CORRECT ANSWER-Behavior Role-play graphing data - CORRECT ANSWER-Trend: increase, decrease, mastery, no trend Average: sum of occurrences/ # of occurrences What is your role as an RBT - CORRECT ANSWER-- assist in the data collection for the behavior intervention plan that is made by the BCBA -implement those behavior interventions ethically and accurately -communicate with the BCBA in terms of clients care and progress Preference Assessment - CORRECT ANSWER-RBT assist in P.As A continuous and ongoing observation that establishes patient's reinforcers Aims to identify an individual's favorite things so that they can be used as rewards or potential "reinforcers" for desired behavior. CSDA 1. Caregiver interview 2. Surveys 3. Direct Observation 4. Assessment Method There are four types: -Single Stimulus (handing items one at a time to see duration of play) -Paired Stimulus (two items are presented and the item not chosen will be replaced to see if preference of the initial item is continuous) -Multiple Stimulus w Replacement (several objects are presented and chosen objects removed and replace with other items) -Multiple Stimulus w/o Replacement (several objects are presented and removed after being chosen to establish hierarchy) ABC Data - CORRECT ANSWER-Antecedent, Behavior, Consequence collecting data on - what happened before behavior - what is the behavior - what happens immediately after the behavior PARTS TO THE COMPETENCY ASSESSMENT - CORRECT ANSWERMeasurements Assessments Skill Acquisition and Behavior Reduction (service and delivery) Discrete Trial Training - CORRECT ANSWER-DTT - when you are a table or working in an environment where you are contriving everything. There is a clear beginning, middle, and end. You give an SD (discriminative stimulus) there is a behavior then a consequence, correct or reinforce the feedback, then restart. How to: BCBA instructs the following: deliver your SD by (modeling) observe behavior, reinforce or correct response through a consequence, then repeat Naturalistic Teaching (NET) - CORRECT ANSWER-away from the table teaching that is done in an organic way by following the clients interests and inquiries so to use them as opportunities to reinforce, introduce new skills and behaviors. Not as contrived, less demands, puzzle solving Types of Naturalistic Teaching: -incidental teaching - example: client wants cookies, Lets do naturalistic teaching here asking for cookies. Prompt and walk towards cookies. Point and wait for the client to mand/communicate and request for cookies. Reinforce appropriate behavior by giving cookies Chaining - CORRECT ANSWER-Using Task Analysis to break down complex behaviors into individual steps -forward (model all the steps, client masters/completes independently the first step then RBT continues the list, progressing from top to bottom) -backward (model all steps, expect clients to complete the last steps) -total (rbt models all steps, client expects to complete all steps independently or with minimal prompting) Shaping - CORRECT ANSWER-Reinforcing approximations of a behavior. The goal is to teach whole skills by only reinforcing progressing approximations. "bu" --> "bubble", reinforce bub, then bubb, then bubble Moving from -90-100 Discrimination Training - CORRECT ANSWER-Reinforce a response in the presence of a stimulus, but not in the absence of that stimulus. Teaching clients the difference between one object/behavior from another object/behavior-- dog vs cat, red vs blue Reinforce vs Extinction examples of this: role-play: teach blue i say point blue, client points yellow, i say no thats not it point blue, prompt/correct Stimulus Control Transfer - CORRECT ANSWER-Taking a behavior and making it occur in the presence of another SD or stimulus or instruction looks like prompt fading Prompting - CORRECT ANSWER-Prompt fading: Least to Most Most to Least Modeling: Positional Gestural (pointing) Physical (Hand over hand (whole prompting) tap (partial prompting) Verbal ("What is your name?") Token Economy - CORRECT ANSWER-type of behavior modification in which desired behavior is rewarded with tokens that can be exchanged for a bigger reinforcer Know your client's reinforcer schedule advantages: quick delivery disadvantages: takes time Crisis & Emergency - CORRECT ANSWER-When you, the client, or the clinic is in danger. Disengage pulling hair, kicking, punching, elopement, and throwing things Differential Reinforcement - CORRECT ANSWER-DRA, DRO, DRI, DRL, DRH Antecedent Interventions - CORRECT ANSWER-strategies that focus on structuring and modifying the environment and conditions that occur before a behavior is demonstrated so that the behavior is less likely to occur proactive approach Manipulate an M.O Extinction - CORRECT ANSWER-When you remove the reinforcement from a previously reinforced behavior Session Notes - CORRECT ANSWER-Objective, complete, relevant information. What did you do? What reinforcers were used? Did the parents say anything? Were any behaviors mastered?