Kaplan & Sadock's Synopsis of
Psych Chapter 6 Updated 2022 WITH
EXPERTS RESPONSE AND
CORRECT ANSWER
written by
herbal
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, Kaplan & Sadock's Synopsis of Psych
Chapter 6 Updated 2022
What is the purpose of having systems of classification for psychiatric diagnoses? ----
CORRECT ANSWER 1. to distinguish one psychiatric diagnosis from another, so most
effective treatment can be offered
2. to provide a common language among healthcare practitioners
3. to explore the still unknown causes of many mental disorders
2 important psychiatric classifications are: ----CORRECT ANSWER 1. Diagnostic and
Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) - APA
2. International Classification of Diseases (ICD) - WHO
How many DSM editions have there been? ----CORRECT ANSWER Original plus 6
DSM-I, DSM-II, DSM-III, DSM-III-R, DSM-IV, DSM-IV-TR (text revision), DSM-5
Latest versions of DSM & ICD ----CORRECT ANSWER DSM-5, ICD-10
All in DSM-5 are in ICD-10, but not all ICD-10 are in DSM-5
Official US nomenclature ----CORRECT ANSWER DSM-5
Medicare & Medicaid requires ----CORRECT ANSWER ICD-10 codes for mental
disorders
What is meant by descriptive approach? ----CORRECT ANSWER DSM-5 is
atheoretical re: causes
Describes clinical features, only rarely discusses how it came about
What is meant by diagnostic criteria? Purpose? ----CORRECT ANSWER Specified
diagnostic criteria are provided for each mental disorder, with features that must be
present for diagnosis to be made.
-increase reliability of diagnostic process
What is meant by systematic description? ----CORRECT ANSWER Systematically
describes each disorder:
age, culture, gender-related features
prevalence, incidence, risk
course
complications
predisposing factors
,familial pattern
DDx
when relevant labs & physical signs/symptoms
What is not included in DSM? ----CORRECT ANSWER theories of causes,
management or Tx
controversial issues
Neurodevelopmental Disorders (6) ----CORRECT ANSWER usually 1st diagnosed in
infancy, childhood, or adolescence
Include:
-Intellectual Disability/Intellectual Developmental Disorder (prev mental retardation)
-Communication Disorders
-Autism Spectrum Disorder
-ADHD
-Specific Learning Disorders
-Motor Disorders
Intellectual Disability/Intellectual Developmental Disorder ----CORRECT ANSWER
Neurodevelopmental Disorder
-Significant, below average intelligence and impairment in adaptive functioning (how
effective ppl are in achieving age-appropriate common demands; communication, self-
care, interpersonal skills)
-Classifications from DSM-IV: mild (50-55 to 70 IQ), moderate (35-40 to 50-55), severe
(20-25 to 35-40), profound (below 20-25)
Global developmental delay ----CORRECT ANSWER variation of Intellectual disability
children >5yrs
severe defects exceeding Intellectual Disability Classification
Borderline intellectual functioning ----CORRECT ANSWER not clearly differentiated
from intellectual disability in DSM-5
DSM-IV it meant IQ of about 70
Communication Disorders ----CORRECT ANSWER Neurodevelopmental Disorder
4 types:
1. Language Disorder (impaired vocab, difficulty in age-appropriate sentences)
2. Speech sound disorder (difficulty in articulation)
3. childhood-onset fluency disorder/stuttering (difficulty in fluency, rate, rhythm)
4. social/pragmatic communication disorder (difficulty in social
interaction/communication w/ peers)
Autism Spectrum Disorder ----CORRECT ANSWER Neurodevelopmental Disorder
-range of behaviors; multiple developmental areas (social relatedness, communication,
range of activity & repetitive & stereotypical patterns of behavior incl speech)
,Level 1: able to speak w/ reduced social interaction (resembles Asperger's, not in DSM-
5)
Level 2: minimal speech, minimal social interaction (Dx as Rett's disorder in DSM-IV,
not in 5)
Level 3: total lack of speech, no social interaction
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder ----CORRECT ANSWER Neurodevelopmental
Disorder
-persistent inattention, hyperactivity and impulsivity, or both that cause clinically
significant impairment in functioning
-unclear line btwn age-appropriate normal & disordered behavior; concern children w/o
are misdiagnosed & medicated
Specific Learning Disorders ----CORRECT ANSWER Neurodevelopmental Disorder
-maturational deficits in development, associated w/ acquiring skills
-dyslexia - reading
-wirtten expression
-dyscalculia - mathematics
Motor Disorders ----CORRECT ANSWER Neurodevelopmental Disorders
-motor coordination is below expectations based on age/intelligence and when
coordination problems significantly interfere with functioning
3 Major types of motor disorders? ----CORRECT ANSWER 1. Developmental
coordination disorder: impaired development of motor coordination (delays in crawling,
walking, dropping things, poor sports performance)
2. Stereotypic movement disorder: repetitive motion activity (head banging, body
rocking)
3. tic disorder: sudden involuntary, recurrent & stereotyped movement or vocal sounds
2 types of tic disorders? ----CORRECT ANSWER 1. Tourette's disorder: motor & vocal
tics including coprolalia
2. Persistent chronic motor or vocal tic disorders: single motor or vocal tic
Schizophrenia Spectrum and other Psychotic Disorders (8) ----CORRECT ANSWER
Grouping in which psychotic symptoms are prominent feature of clinical picture.
Include:
-Schizophrenia
-Delusional Disorder
-Brief Psychotic Disorder
-Schizophreniform Disorder
-Schizoaffective Disorder
-Substance/Medication-Induced Psychotic Disorder
-Psychotic Disorder Due to Another Medical Condition
-Catatonia
, Schizotypal personality disorder ----CORRECT ANSWER Not a psychotic disorder but
under heading of Schizophrenia Spectrum/Psychotic Disorders because it sometimes
precedes full-blown schizophrenia
Schizophrenia ----CORRECT ANSWER Schizophrenia Spectrum/Psychotic Disorders
-ill for at least 6 months (not actively psychotic)
3 Phases:
-Prodrome phase: deterioration in function before onset of active psychotic phase
-Active phase: symptoms (delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, grossly
disorganized behavior, or negative symptoms like flat affect, avolition, alogia) present
for at lease 1 month
-Residual phase: follows active phase; residual & prodromal phases include functional
impairment & abnormalities of affect, cognition, communication
Subtypes of Schizophrenia ----CORRECT ANSWER Not in DSM-5 but useful for
practitioner communication
-according to most prominent symptoms at time of eval (paranoid, disorganized,
catatonic, undifferentiated, residual)
Delusional Disorder ----CORRECT ANSWER Schizophrenia Spectrum/Psychotic
Disorder
-persistent delusions (erotomanic, grandiose, jealous, persecutory, somatic, mixed,
unspecified)
-generally about things that could occur in real life (infidelity, being followed, having
illness) categorized as nonbizarre beliefs
Shared Delusional Disorder ----CORRECT ANSWER Under Delusional Disorder
category
-a.k.a. folie a deux
-renamed delusional symptoms in partner with delusional disorder
-delusional belief develops in person w/ close relationship to person w/ delusion,
content similar
Paranoia ----CORRECT ANSWER Not in DSM-5
rare
gradual development of elaborate delusional system, usually with grandiose ideas
Chronic course, rest of personality intact
Brief Psychotic Disorder ----CORRECT ANSWER Schizophrenia Spectrum/Psychotic
Disorder
-delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, grossly disorganized behavior,
catatonic behavior for at least 1 day but <1 month
-may be precipitated by external life stress
-returns to usual functioning after episode
Psych Chapter 6 Updated 2022 WITH
EXPERTS RESPONSE AND
CORRECT ANSWER
written by
herbal
Did you know a seller earn
an average of $250 per month
selling their study notes
on Docmerit
Scan the QR-code and learn how you can also turn your class
notes, study guides into real cash today.
Docmerit.com - The Best Study Notes
Uploaded by: herbal on Docmerit. Distribution of this document is illegal
, Kaplan & Sadock's Synopsis of Psych
Chapter 6 Updated 2022
What is the purpose of having systems of classification for psychiatric diagnoses? ----
CORRECT ANSWER 1. to distinguish one psychiatric diagnosis from another, so most
effective treatment can be offered
2. to provide a common language among healthcare practitioners
3. to explore the still unknown causes of many mental disorders
2 important psychiatric classifications are: ----CORRECT ANSWER 1. Diagnostic and
Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) - APA
2. International Classification of Diseases (ICD) - WHO
How many DSM editions have there been? ----CORRECT ANSWER Original plus 6
DSM-I, DSM-II, DSM-III, DSM-III-R, DSM-IV, DSM-IV-TR (text revision), DSM-5
Latest versions of DSM & ICD ----CORRECT ANSWER DSM-5, ICD-10
All in DSM-5 are in ICD-10, but not all ICD-10 are in DSM-5
Official US nomenclature ----CORRECT ANSWER DSM-5
Medicare & Medicaid requires ----CORRECT ANSWER ICD-10 codes for mental
disorders
What is meant by descriptive approach? ----CORRECT ANSWER DSM-5 is
atheoretical re: causes
Describes clinical features, only rarely discusses how it came about
What is meant by diagnostic criteria? Purpose? ----CORRECT ANSWER Specified
diagnostic criteria are provided for each mental disorder, with features that must be
present for diagnosis to be made.
-increase reliability of diagnostic process
What is meant by systematic description? ----CORRECT ANSWER Systematically
describes each disorder:
age, culture, gender-related features
prevalence, incidence, risk
course
complications
predisposing factors
,familial pattern
DDx
when relevant labs & physical signs/symptoms
What is not included in DSM? ----CORRECT ANSWER theories of causes,
management or Tx
controversial issues
Neurodevelopmental Disorders (6) ----CORRECT ANSWER usually 1st diagnosed in
infancy, childhood, or adolescence
Include:
-Intellectual Disability/Intellectual Developmental Disorder (prev mental retardation)
-Communication Disorders
-Autism Spectrum Disorder
-ADHD
-Specific Learning Disorders
-Motor Disorders
Intellectual Disability/Intellectual Developmental Disorder ----CORRECT ANSWER
Neurodevelopmental Disorder
-Significant, below average intelligence and impairment in adaptive functioning (how
effective ppl are in achieving age-appropriate common demands; communication, self-
care, interpersonal skills)
-Classifications from DSM-IV: mild (50-55 to 70 IQ), moderate (35-40 to 50-55), severe
(20-25 to 35-40), profound (below 20-25)
Global developmental delay ----CORRECT ANSWER variation of Intellectual disability
children >5yrs
severe defects exceeding Intellectual Disability Classification
Borderline intellectual functioning ----CORRECT ANSWER not clearly differentiated
from intellectual disability in DSM-5
DSM-IV it meant IQ of about 70
Communication Disorders ----CORRECT ANSWER Neurodevelopmental Disorder
4 types:
1. Language Disorder (impaired vocab, difficulty in age-appropriate sentences)
2. Speech sound disorder (difficulty in articulation)
3. childhood-onset fluency disorder/stuttering (difficulty in fluency, rate, rhythm)
4. social/pragmatic communication disorder (difficulty in social
interaction/communication w/ peers)
Autism Spectrum Disorder ----CORRECT ANSWER Neurodevelopmental Disorder
-range of behaviors; multiple developmental areas (social relatedness, communication,
range of activity & repetitive & stereotypical patterns of behavior incl speech)
,Level 1: able to speak w/ reduced social interaction (resembles Asperger's, not in DSM-
5)
Level 2: minimal speech, minimal social interaction (Dx as Rett's disorder in DSM-IV,
not in 5)
Level 3: total lack of speech, no social interaction
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder ----CORRECT ANSWER Neurodevelopmental
Disorder
-persistent inattention, hyperactivity and impulsivity, or both that cause clinically
significant impairment in functioning
-unclear line btwn age-appropriate normal & disordered behavior; concern children w/o
are misdiagnosed & medicated
Specific Learning Disorders ----CORRECT ANSWER Neurodevelopmental Disorder
-maturational deficits in development, associated w/ acquiring skills
-dyslexia - reading
-wirtten expression
-dyscalculia - mathematics
Motor Disorders ----CORRECT ANSWER Neurodevelopmental Disorders
-motor coordination is below expectations based on age/intelligence and when
coordination problems significantly interfere with functioning
3 Major types of motor disorders? ----CORRECT ANSWER 1. Developmental
coordination disorder: impaired development of motor coordination (delays in crawling,
walking, dropping things, poor sports performance)
2. Stereotypic movement disorder: repetitive motion activity (head banging, body
rocking)
3. tic disorder: sudden involuntary, recurrent & stereotyped movement or vocal sounds
2 types of tic disorders? ----CORRECT ANSWER 1. Tourette's disorder: motor & vocal
tics including coprolalia
2. Persistent chronic motor or vocal tic disorders: single motor or vocal tic
Schizophrenia Spectrum and other Psychotic Disorders (8) ----CORRECT ANSWER
Grouping in which psychotic symptoms are prominent feature of clinical picture.
Include:
-Schizophrenia
-Delusional Disorder
-Brief Psychotic Disorder
-Schizophreniform Disorder
-Schizoaffective Disorder
-Substance/Medication-Induced Psychotic Disorder
-Psychotic Disorder Due to Another Medical Condition
-Catatonia
, Schizotypal personality disorder ----CORRECT ANSWER Not a psychotic disorder but
under heading of Schizophrenia Spectrum/Psychotic Disorders because it sometimes
precedes full-blown schizophrenia
Schizophrenia ----CORRECT ANSWER Schizophrenia Spectrum/Psychotic Disorders
-ill for at least 6 months (not actively psychotic)
3 Phases:
-Prodrome phase: deterioration in function before onset of active psychotic phase
-Active phase: symptoms (delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, grossly
disorganized behavior, or negative symptoms like flat affect, avolition, alogia) present
for at lease 1 month
-Residual phase: follows active phase; residual & prodromal phases include functional
impairment & abnormalities of affect, cognition, communication
Subtypes of Schizophrenia ----CORRECT ANSWER Not in DSM-5 but useful for
practitioner communication
-according to most prominent symptoms at time of eval (paranoid, disorganized,
catatonic, undifferentiated, residual)
Delusional Disorder ----CORRECT ANSWER Schizophrenia Spectrum/Psychotic
Disorder
-persistent delusions (erotomanic, grandiose, jealous, persecutory, somatic, mixed,
unspecified)
-generally about things that could occur in real life (infidelity, being followed, having
illness) categorized as nonbizarre beliefs
Shared Delusional Disorder ----CORRECT ANSWER Under Delusional Disorder
category
-a.k.a. folie a deux
-renamed delusional symptoms in partner with delusional disorder
-delusional belief develops in person w/ close relationship to person w/ delusion,
content similar
Paranoia ----CORRECT ANSWER Not in DSM-5
rare
gradual development of elaborate delusional system, usually with grandiose ideas
Chronic course, rest of personality intact
Brief Psychotic Disorder ----CORRECT ANSWER Schizophrenia Spectrum/Psychotic
Disorder
-delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, grossly disorganized behavior,
catatonic behavior for at least 1 day but <1 month
-may be precipitated by external life stress
-returns to usual functioning after episode
