Hesi Hint & Nclex Gems Actual Test And Guide Exam Latest 2023/2024

HESI Hints & NCLEX Gems Answering NCLEX Questions Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs • Physiologic • Safety • Love and Belonging • Esteem • Self-actualization Nursing Process • Assessment • Diagnosis (Analysis) • Planning • Implementation (treatment) • Evaluation ABCs • Airway • Breathing • Circulation Normal Values Hgb: 12-18 Hct: 37-52 RBCs: 4.2-6.1 million WBCs: 4-11k Platelets: 150-400k PT (Coumadin/Warfarin) • 11-12.5 sec (INR and PT TR = 1.5-2 times normal) INR (Coumadin/Warfarin) • 0.9-1.2 (TR = 1.5-2 times normal) APTT (Heparin) • 0-70 sec (APTT and PTT TR = 1.5-2.5 times normal) BUN: 10-20 Creatinine: 0.5-1.2 Glucose: 70-110 Cholesterol: 200 = bad Bilirubin Newborn: 1-12 Bilirubin Adult: 0.2-1.2mg/dL Phenylalanine Newborn Na+ 136-145 Potassium: 3.5-5 • HypoK+ . . . Prominent U waves, Depressed ST segment, Flat T waves • HyperK+ . . . Tall T-Waves, Prolonged PR interval, wide QRS Calcium: 9-10.5 • Hypocalcemia ... muscle spasms, convulsions, cramps/tetany, + Trousseau's, + Chvostek's, prolonged ST interval, prolonged QT segment Magnesium: 1.5-2.5 Chloride: 96-106 Phosphate: 3-4.5 Albumin: 3.5-5 Spec Gravity: 1.005-1.030 Glycosylated Hemoglobin (Hgb A1c): 4-6% ideal, Dilantin TR = 10-20 Lithium TR = 0.5-1.5 Digoxin TR = 0.5-2 ABG’S • PH 7.35-7.45 • CO2 35-45 (Respiratory driver) ... High = Acidosis • HCO3 21-28 (Metabolic driver) ... High = Alkalosis • O2 80-100 • O2 Sat 95-100% Antidotes Digoxin = Digiband Coumadin = Vitamin K (Keep PT and INR @ 1-1.5 X Benzodiazepines = Flumazenil (Tomazicon) Magnesium Sulfate = Calcium Gluconate? Heparin = Protamine Sulfate (Keep APTT and PTT @ 1.5-2.5 X normal) Tylenol = Mucomist (17 doses + loading dose) Opiates (narcotic analgesics, heroin, morphine) = Narcan (Naloxone) Cholinergic Meds (Myesthenic Bradycardia) (acetylcholine, bethanecol, muscarine) = Atropine Methotrexate = Leucovorin Delegation RN Only • Blood Products (2 RNs must check) • Clotting Factors • Sterile dressing changes and procedures • Assessments that require clinical judgment • Ultimately responsible for all delegated duties Unlicensed Assistive Personnel • Non-sterile procedures LPN • Everything but IVmedications Precautions & Room Assignments Universal (Standard) Precautions ... HIV initiated • Wash hands • Wear Gloves • Gowns for splashes • Masks and Eye Protection for splashes and droplets • Don't recap needles • Mouthpiece or Ambu-bag for resuscitation • Refrain from giving care if you have skin lesion Contact Precautions = Universal + Goggles, Mask and Gown Droplet (Respiratory) Precautions (Wear Mask) • Sepsis, Scarlet Fever, Strep, Fifth Disease (Parvo B19), Pertussis, Pneumonia, Influenza, Diptheria, Epiglottitis, Rubella, Rubeola, Meningitis, Mycoplasma, Adenovirus, Rhinovirus • RSV (needs contact precautio