ASNT Study Guide - Industrial Radiography Radiation Safety Questions With Correct Answers

The Symbol R means: a. rem b. rad c. roentgen d. radiation - Answer c. roentgen The acronym rad means: a. radiation absorbed dose b. roentgen absorbed dose c. roentgen acquired dose d. radiation at death - Answer a. radiation absorbed dose The roentgen (R) exposure is measured in: a. tissue b. water c. a lab d. air - Answer d. air The symbol mR means: a. milliroentgen b. microroentgen c. megaroentgen d. millirem - Answer a. milliroentgen One roentgen or 1 R is equal to: a. 100 milliroentgen b. 1000 milliroentgen c. 0.001 milliroentgen d. 1 milliroentgen - Answer b. 1000 milliroentgen The acronym rem stands for: a. radiation equivalent man b. radiation effect man c. roentgen effect man d. roentgen equivalent man - Answer d. roentgen equivalent man The initialism QF stands for: a. quantity factor b. quality frequency c. quality factor d. quality effective factor - Answer c. quality factor The quality factor for X-rays and gamma rays is: a. 1 b. 2 c. 10 d. 20 - Answer a. 1 The quality factor for alpha (ray) particles is: a. 1 b. 2 c. 10 d. 20 - Answer d. 20 Activity of radioactive material is measured in: a. curies b. roentgens c. sieverts d. grays - Answer a. curies Becquerels and curies are units of measurement of: a. physical size of the source b. gray per hour c. decay rate d. roentgen per hour - Answer c. decay rate Atoms that have excess energy and are unstable are known as: a. radioactive b. radioactivity c. balanced d. weighted - Answer a. radioactive Elementary particles units with a negative electrical charge and a mass approximately equal to 1/1840 that of a proton are: a. electrons b. protons c. neutrons d. valence shells - Answer a. electrons Positively charged elementary particles with a mass approximately equal to 1840 times that of an electron, or 1 AMU, are known as: a. electrons b. protons c. neutrons d. valence shells - Answer b. protons Uncharged elementary particles with a mass nearly equal to that of a proton are called: a. electrons b. protons c. neutrons d. valence shells - Answer c. neutrons The area known as the center of an atom is called the: a. electron b. nucleus c. proton d. neutron - Answer b. nucleus Any byproduct material that is encased in a capsule designed to prevent leakage or escape of the byproduct material is a: a. drum b. pig c. sealed source d. container - Answer c. sealed source A tube through which the radioactive source travels when inside a radiographic exposure device is a/an: a. port tube b. guide tube c. S tube d. exit tube - Answer c. S tube Survey meters must be calibrated at intervals not to exceed: a. three months and/or after instrument servicing except for battery changes b. six months and/or after instrument servicing except for battery changes c. annually and after instrument servicing except for battery changes d. daily and after instrument servicing except for battery changes - Answer b. six months and/or after instrument servicing except for battery changes A survey meter must be capable of measuring a range of: a. 0 to 1000 mR/h (0 to 10 mSv/h) b. 2 to 1000 R/h (0.02 to 10 Sv/h) c. 0 to 1000 R/h (0 to 10 Sv/h) d. 2 to 1000 mR/h (0.02 to 10 mSv/h) - Answer d. 2 to 1000 mR/h (0.02 to 10 mSv/h) Becquerels and curies are units of measurement of: a. physical size of the source b. activity c. gray per hour d. roentgen per hour - Answer b. activity An analog survey meter must be calibrated on each scale at two points approximately: a. 33% and 66% of the scale's potential b. 25% and 75% of the scale's potential c. through the full range of the scale's potential d. at the midpoint of the scale's potential - Answer a. 33% and 66% of the scale's potential The process that results in the removal of orbital electrons from atoms resulting in the formation of ion pairs is called: a. excitation b. radioactivity c. decay d. ionization - Answer d. ionization The fact that gases bombarded by ionizing radiation become conductors of electrical current make them useful in: a. X-ray transformers b. cathode tubes c. detection equipment d. gasses cannot conduct electrical charges - Answer c. detection equipment A dosimeter must be capable of reading a range of: a. 0-100 mR (0-1 mSv) b. 0-200 mR (0-2 mSv) c. 0-500 mR (0-5 mSv) d. 0-1 R (0-10 mSv) - Answer b. 0-200 mR (0-2 mSv) Pocket ion chambers must be capable of reading: a. 100 mR (1 mSv) b. 500 mR (5 mSv) c. 200 mR (2 mSv) d. 999 mR (9.99 mSv) - Answer c. 200 mR (2 mSv) An exposure rate is measured by: a. survey meter b. a dosimeter c. rate alarm d. TLD/film badge - Answer a. survey meter What dosimeters (dosimetric devices) are least affected by moisture? a. digital dosimeters b. film badges c. TLDs d. ion chambers - Answer c. TLDs Full deflection of a survey meter while on battery check means: a. meter is working properly and has good batteries b. meter may or may not be working properly c. meter is working properly and battery strength is not an issue d. meter is unusable - Answer b. meter may or may not be working properly Dosimeters must be calibrated at intervals not to exceed: a. three months b. six months c. biannually d. annually - Answer d. annually Rate alarms must be calibrated at intervals not to exceed: a. yearly b. quarterly c. monthly d. biannually - Answer a. yearly A film badge/TLD records what? a. dose rate b. exposure rate c. total dose history for the period worn d. daily dose - Answer c. total dose history for the period worn When performing radiography in a permanent radiographic installation equipped with an area monitor, the technician is not required to: a. use a survey meter b. wear a film badge or TLD c. wear a rate alarm d. wear a dosimeter - Answer c. wear a rate alarm A direct reading ionization chamber, such as a dosimeter, has the advantage of providing an: a. accurate dose history for the month b. immediate dose history since last time charged c. accurate dose rate d. immediate dose rate - Answer b. immediate dose history since last time charged A radiographer's survey meter is showing 0 near the source; it can be safely assumed that: a. there is no radiation present b. the meter is inoperable and should be repaired when the shift is over c. the meter may be inoperable and a replacement should be used immediately d. the meter is in an inoperable state; the radiographer should retreat form the source until an operational meter has replaced the suspect meter - Answer d. the meter is in an inoperable state; the radiographer should retreat form the source until an operational meter has replaced the suspect meter A radiographer reads 7.5 on the 10x scale of the survey meter. What is the current dose rate at that position? a. 7.5 mR/h b. 75 mR/h c. 750 mR/h d. 7.5 R/h - Answer b. 75 mR/h After 6 half-value layers, what percentage of radiation would be received? a. 50% b. 25% c. 8% d. 1.6% - Answer d. 1.6% Assuming a source has a half-life of 20 years, how old would the source be in 3 half-lives? a. 20 years b. 40 years c. 60 years d. 120 years - Answer c. 60 years If a radiographer has 60 mR (0.6 mSv) at the surface of the exposure device, what would the reading be after 2 half-lives? a. 15 mR (0.15 mSv) b. 40 mR (0.4 mSv) c. 80 mR (0.8 mSv) d. 10 mR (0.1 mSv) - Answer a. 15 mR (0.15 mSv) The use of 4 half-value layers will reduce the exposure by a factor of: a. 4 times b. 8 times c. 16 times d. 32 times - Answer c. 16 times If a radiographer has 98 Ci of Ir-192, after 148 days how many curies would be left? a. 49 Ci (1813 GBq) b. 22 Ci (814 GBq) c. 12 Ci (444 GBq) d. 24.5 (906.5 GBq) - Answer d. 24.5 (906.5 GBq) A sealed source emits what? a. alpha particles b. beta particles c. X-rays d. gamma rays - Answer d. gamma rays A cobalt source has decayed from its original activity after 3 half-lives. Originally it was 88 Ci (3256 GBq). Its current activity is: a. 44 Ci (1628 GBq) b. 22 Ci (814 GBq) c. 11 Ci (407 GBq) d. 8 Ci (296 GBq) - Answer c. 11 Ci (407 GBq) A cobalt source of 73 Ci is exposed for a full 60 min. Assume a 14.0 R/Ci/h factor, shooting through a 3 half-value collimator. What would the restricted area be on the cold or collimated side of the collimator? a. 149 ft (45.42 m) b. 162 ft (49.38 m) c. 211 ft (64.31 m) d. 253 ft (77.44m) - Answer d. 253 ft (77.44m) The ball on a source assembly that prevents the source from exiting through the back of the camera is called: a. stop ball b. pigtail ball c. safety stop ball d. retraction inhibitor ball - Answer a. stop ball Emission of gamma rays, alpha rays, and beta rays is considered what? a. characteristics of source decay b. material is stable c. material is unbalanced d. leaking source - Answer a. characteristics of source decay To penetrate a thicker or denser material, you would need a source with: a. more curies b. more activity c. more energy (shorter wavelength) d. less energy (longer wavelength) - Answer c. more energy (shorter wavelength) An element's weight is the: a. A number b. Z number c. atomic number d. number of neutrons - Answer a. A number An element is identified by the number of _______ in its nucleus. a. electrons b. protons c. neutrons d. photons - Answer b. protons The first indication of an extremity radiation overexposure is: a. reddening of the skin b. hair loss c. nausea d. blisters - Answer a. reddening of the skin Gamma radiation has a shorter wavelength than visible light, therefore making it: a. less penetrating b. more penetrating c. brighter d. less stable - Answer b. more penetrating A high radiation area is defined as "an area accessible to individuals, in which they could receive..." a. 2 mR/h (20 uSv/h) b. 5 mR/h (50 uSv/h) c. 50 mR/h (500 uSv/h) d. 100 mR/h (1000 uSv/h) - Answer d. 100 mR/h (1000 uSv/h) A radiation area is defined as "an area accessible to individuals, in which they could receive..." a. 2 mR/h (20 uSv/h) b. 5 mR/h (50 uSv/h) c. 50 mR/h (500 uSv/h) d. 100 mR/h (1000 uSv/h) - Answer b. 5 mR/h (50 uSv/h) A member of the public or unmonitored individual is allowed to receive up to, but not to exceed: a. 2 mR/h, 500 mR/year (20 uSv/h, 5000 uSv/year) b. 2 mR/h, 100 mR/year (20 uSv/h, 1000 uSv/year) c. 5 mR/h, 100 mR/year (50 uSv/h, 1000 uSv/year) d. 5 mR/h, 500 mR/year (50 uSv/h, 5000 uSv/year) - Answer b. 2 mR/h, 100 mR/year (20 uSv/h, 1000 uSv/year) When performing radiography in the field, regulations require the radiographer to post with physical barriers or signs the: a. restricted area b. radiation area c. high radiation area and radiation area d. restricted area and the high radiation area - Answer c. high radiation area and radiation area A restricted area is defined as an area: