Family Nurse Practitioner Exam Study – cardiac Exam Review 2023 A+

Family Nurse Practitioner Exam Study – cardiac Exam Review 2023 A+ mitral regurgitation listening point - Answer-apical area. mitral regurgitation sound & murmur type - Answer-loud, high pitched, holoSYSTOLIC radiates to axllia, heard in s1, at apex w/ stethoscope diaphragm. Mitral Listening Point - Answer-5th intercostal space, mid-clavicular line Aortic Listening Point - Answer-2nd Inter Costal Space Right of Sternum aortic regurgitation - Answer-(aortic insufficiency) incompetent aortic valve allowing backward blood flow into left ventricle during diastole aortic stenosis murmur - Answer-"mid-systolic ejection murmur best heard at the 2nd right intercostal space" MR Peyton Manning As MVP, Systolic Murmurs - Answer-Mitral Regurgitation Physiologic Murmur Aortic Stenosis Mitral Valve Prolapse Radiating murmurs - Answer-only systolic murmurs radiate Mitral Valve Prolapse - Answer--Improper closure of the mitral valve -Most common ARMS, Diastole Murmurs - Answer-Aortic Regurgetation Mitral Stenosis S1 - Answer-first heart sound atrioventricular (mitral and tricuspid) valves close S2 - Answer-second heart sound produced by closure of semilunar (aortic and pulmonic) valves mitral regurgitation - Answer-Systolic Murmurs Radiates to axilla loud blowing high pitched aortic stenosis - Answer--narrowing of the aorta -mid systolic ejection -radiates to neck -harsh noisy. -avoid physical exertion -sudden death Diastolic murmurs qualities - Answer--Mitral stenosis low pitched rumbling, at apex -Aortic regurgitation, high pitched blowing (use diaphragm) Mitral stenosis - Answer-heard at apex S4 heart sound - Answer-LVH/RVH (resistance to filling) - Pulmonary Stenosis - Pulmonary HTN -Risk for MI Aortic is located? - Answer-Right side Pulmonic is located? - Answer-Lung- left side mitral regurgitation radiates to - Answer-Axilla aortic stenosis murmur radiates to - Answer-Neck Pulses paradoxus - Answer--Apical pulse heard even though the radial pulse is no longer palpable -Measured using blood pressure cuff & stethoscope. JNC 8 - Answer-Elderly goal 150/90 Diabetic or CKD goal 140/90 JNC 8 - Answer-HTN: Current Guidelines hypertensive retinopathy - Answer-destructive retinal changes caused by hypertension hypertensive retinopathy - Answer-arteriolar constriction arteriovenous nicking vascular wall changes flame-shaped hemorrhages cotton-wool spots yellow hard exudates optic disk edema. Cotton wool spots - Answer-Chronic hypertension Copper and silver wire arterioles - Answer-walls thicken, reflect light AV nicking - Answer-vein appears to stop abruptly on either side of the artery isolated systolic hypertension - Answer-CCB Thiazide diuretics side effects - Answer--Hyponatremia...