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Samenvatting Medische kennis Hormoonsysteem en stofwisseling

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alle medische kennis over het hormoonsysteem en stofwisseling!

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Medische kennis Hoofdstuk 5
Hormoonsysteem en stofwisseling
Schildklier:
- Thyroïd
- Maakt het schildklierhormoon: thyroxine (FT4)
- Hiervoor is jodium nodig!
- Thyroxine stimuleert o.a. de stofwisseling
Hypofyse maakt het schildklier stimulerend hormoon (TSH), de hypofyse regelt zo hoeveel thyroxine
de schildklier maakt.
De hypofyse maakt het schildklier stimulerend hormoon = TSH thyroïd stimulated hormone
Dit hormoon stimuleert de schildklier en de schildklier maakt dan thyroxine, T3 en T4, hiervoor is
jodium nodig. Thyroxine simuleert alle stofwisselingsprocessen.

Hyperthyreoïdie
- Meestal een auto-immuunziekte > de ziekte van Graves
- Schildklier maakt teveel schildklierhormoon.
- T4 is verhoogd en TSH is verlaagd
- Subklinische hyperthyreoïdie: TSH is verlaagd en T4 is normaal, nog geen klachten

Klachten:
- Vermoeidheid
- Gejaagd, nerveus
- Gewichtsverlies
- Snel warm
- Trillen
- Transpireren
- Snelle hartactie
- Snelle spijsvertering (diarree)
- Struma, bobbel door vergrote schildklier
- Exophthalmus/proptosis = zwelling achter de ogen

Oorzaken:
- Ziekte van graves (70-80%)
Auto-immuunziekte
 Lichtschuwheid
 Branderige ogen
 Exophthalmus ( hele grote en uitpuilende ogen)
- Overige oorzaken:
 Schildklieraandoening: post partum thyreoïditis (na de bevalling), tumor
 Hypofyse aandoening: TSH is te hoog

Behandeling:
- Chirurgie: stukje weghalen van de schildklier
- Radioactief jodium (‘de slok’): vernietigd het schildklier weefsel, het is een drankje.
- Schildklierremmer > thiamazol, remt de schildklier af in het maken van het
schildklierhormoon.
- Schildklierremmer én schildklierhormoon > thiamazol én levothyroxine. Eerst het helemaal
afremmen en het daarna weer bijvullen.

Connected book
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E.A.F. Wentink, Jan Amerongen Medische kennis
Publisher: juni 2007 ISBN: 9789031349371 Edition: 1

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