PCT Final Exam Questions Answered 100% correct

PCT Final Exam Questions Answered 100% correct When washing hands with soap and water, how long must you wash your hands? 40-60 seconds When cleaning hands with hand sanitizer, how long must you rub your hands? 20-30 seconds The number one cause of chronic renal failure is? diabetes When going from a dirty area to retrieve supplies in a clean area, staff are required to complete hand hygiene. True or false? true Hazardous material identification system HMIS labels are required on all hazardous materials, including individual bicarbonate containers. True or false? True The first bleach solution used to clean a large blood spill (greater than 10ml/s) is? 1:10 The main route of transmission of Hepatitis B in hemodialysis facilities is by exposure to infected ____ and ____? Infected blood and bodily fluids When caring for a patient who is Hepatitis B positive, after disconnecting the bloodlines, the technician MUST perform which 3 actions before documenting? Remove gloves, sanitize hands, and put fresh gloves on According to the CDC, patients who are Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) positive should be dialyzed in a ____ area of the dialysis center, on ____ machine. Separate, dedicated What MUST the dialysis technician do prior to leaving the patient at the dialysis station to get clean supplies? Remove ____, ____ hands and retrieve items. Gloves, wash/sanitize The dialysis technician has performed a rinse back on a patient and failed to gather all the supplies needed to disconnect the patient. What 2 things MUST the dialysis technician do prior to getting clean supplies? Remove gloves, wash/sanitize hands You must wear a full-face shield, or mask with googles, when in an area with a risk of____? Blood splatter Use of a diasafe filter allows the production of ____? Ultrapure dialysate Normal ____ is used to rinse and prime the tubing of the extracorporeal circuit to remove sterilants and air. Saline Air is removed from the extracorporeal circuit before initiating treatment because it may cause ____ when trapped in the dialyzer. Clotting The most likely cause of contamination of the extracorporeal circuit are ____ in the prime bucket with ____ end caps. Bloodlines, open A low level arterial drip chamber can result in ____ entering the system causing an air embolism or clotting. Air _____ is the ability of a substance to conduct an electrical charge? Conductivity When blood escapes from the dialyzer blood compartment into the dialysate fluid compartment, this is known as a _____? Blood leak The final dialysate must have a pH between ___ and ___. 6.9 and 7.4 How often should staff clean the dialysis machine with acid? Daily What is removed by normal saline during the priming process? Air Before the start of treatment, check the machines conductivity alarm parameters are set at: a ____. +/-.5 You should disinfect the dialysis machine with heat after doing what? Acid cleaning and returning connectors to machine You should test the dialysate for these four things before starting treatment. Bacteria, conductivity, pH, and chlorine The wall clock indicates the patient has had 3 hours of treatment and the machine indicates only 2 1/2 hours treatment. What happened? Bypass was on for 30 minutes Prior to applying the blood pressure cuff on a new patient, the patient care technician should ___ both the patient's arms for the presence of an ____. Examine, access Available weight gain is described as the pre-treatment weight minus ____. Dry weight A red and warm vascular access may be a sign of ____. Infection Pre-treatment evaluation of an internal vascular access includes palpating for a ___? Thrill What three items of PPE are required when performing venipuncture? Gloves, shield, and gown Damage to the intimal lining of the vessel is likely to occur when the needle is ____ after insertion. Flipped When cannulating a new AV fistula, alway apply a ____ and stay at least ____ inches from the anastomosis. Tourniquet and 1.5-2 Pre-pump arterial pressure should not exceed ____. -250mm/Hg Make sure access is stabilized and remains a) covered or b) uncovered. B The patient's venous needle has infiltrated, and another needle needs to be inserted. You should insert the new needle ____ the infiltrate and apply ____ to the area. Above, ice When removing needles from an internal access, the needle should be _____ removing the needle from the patient's access. Engaged while Access _____ can jeopardize the adequacy of a dialysis treatment. Recirculation You should apply the access needle safety devices as the needle is being ____. Removed An arterial pressure reading of negative ____ can cause blood to hemolyze. 270 In which direction of blood flow should you place the patient's arterial needle? Against/with In which direction of blood flow should you place the venous needle? With ONLY Report a blood pressure reading over ____ to the nurse. 180/100 Report a pulse less than ___ or greater than ___ beats per minute to the nurse. 60/100 Before cannulating a patient's access, you should clean the site for at least how long? 30 seconds After cannulating a patient's access, you should place the tape directly over the ____. Butterfly wings How long should you wait to initiate treatment after administering a heparin bolus? 3-5 minutes A low arterial alarm sound. The staff member should look for a possible cause in the circuit from the ____ through to the end of the _____ to determine the cause. Blood pump, arterial needles When a high venous alarm sounds, you should look from the top of the ______ through to the end of the _____ to determine the cause. Venous chamber, venous needle The adequacy of a dialysis treatment may be compromised by inadequate ____. Herparization The patient presents to the dialysis center with a pulse rate of 44/min but does not appear to be in any distress. What should be the dialysis technician's immediate action? Notify RN During dialysis, the patient's ____ and ____ must be uncovered. Face and access How many ml of saline must be in the saline bag at the start of treatment? 300ml The arterial chamber must be how full at the start of treatment? 85-95%