HUSR 415 Final Test Solved 100%

Self-compassion (3 components according to Kristin Neff) - Answer First, to have compassion for others you must notice that they are suffering. If you ignore that homeless person on the street, you can't feel compassion for how difficult his or her experience is. Second, compassion involves feeling moved by others' suffering so that your heart responds to their pain (the word compassion literally means to "suffer with"). When this occurs, you feel warmth, caring, and the desire to help the suffering person in some way. Having compassion also means that you offer understanding and kindness to others when they fail or make mistakes, rather than judging them harshly. Finally, when you feel compassion for another (rather than mere pity), it means that you realize that suffering, failure, and imperfection is part of the shared human experience. 12 step groups (what are the 12 steps, what is the role of a sponsor, what are the - Answer Substance abuse counselors have found that clients are more likely to lapse or relapse immediately following treatment. Sponsor - Answer Sponsorship reflects the structure of AA and functions on two levels. A sponsor is a more experienced person in recovery who guides the less-experienced "sponsee" through the program (Alcoholics Anonymous World Services, 1991). Level I Sponsorship is concerned with sobriety; the sponsor helps the sponsee to become or to stay sober. With Level II Sponsorship, the sponsor counsels the sponsee through the Twelve Steps so that recovery can be achieved (Brown, 1995). The personal nature of the behavioral issues that lead to seeking help in 12-step fellowships results in a strong relationship between sponsee and sponsor. As the relationship is based on spiritual principles, it is unique and not generally characterized as a "friendship." Fundamentally, the sponsor has the single purpose of helping the sponsee recover from the behavioral problem that brought the sufferer into 12-step work, which reflexively helps the sponsor recover Lapse - Answer "lapse" typically means that the person used but didn't return to previous levels of use. Relapse - Answer Relapse" typically means returning to previous levels of use. At the heart of relapse prevention therapy is the observation that for every addict certain identificatifiable sets of circumstances present a high risk of relapse. Relapse rates are different depending on the drug, the severity of the addiction, length of treatment, and relapse is defined. High risk situations: - Answer There high risk situations may pose a threat to one's level of confidence about existing self-control. Most relapses are associated with three kinds of High risk situations: Three types of high-risk situations have been identified by Marlatt and George to be threats to maintaining abstinence goals: (1) the internal experience of negative emotional states (2) interpersonal conflict (3) social pressure. Other identified predictors of relapse include self-efficacy, marital status, income, resource needs, desire to get high, access to money, relationship problems, inability to engage or lack of coping skills, lifestyle behaviors and activities, and mood swings Triggers - Answer Part of the contextual aspect of addiction assessment is the examination of internal and external triggers, or cues, that are connected to neurological pathways of reward, memory, motivation, and control; these triggers can induce lapses, relapses, and high-risk behavior. Triggers encourage drug seeking, impulsive drug use, and strong cravings. To prevent relapse, those in recovery must develop an awareness of and a fortifying response to their most salient triggers (Stippikohl et al., 2010). Next, we discuss the manifestation of both internal and external consequences in the progressive disease of addiction. Triggers What you need to know for contextual analysis of substance use: Expectations of use (e.g., relaxation, better social interactions, sleeping better, etc.) Internal triggers for use (e.g., emotions, thoughts, withdrawal, craving, etc.) External triggers for use (e.g., people, places, seeing needles, music, etc.) Immediate reinforcers (e.g., escaping or feeling relaxed or high) Positive aspects of use (e.g., make friends, be "cool," feel good, etc.) Negative a Mindfulness for relapse prevention - Answer Mindfulness practices can help prevent relapse. •SOBER (Stop, Observe, Breathe, Expand your awareness, Respond mindfully)•STOP meditation•Urge surfing Abstinence violation effect: - Answer A trap to be aware of that clients reluctantly fall prey to is the abstinence violation effect (AVE; Marlatt & George, 1984). The basis of this trap is that once human beings have set for themselves a rule, there seems to be an irresistible temptation to break the rule. The trap can present itself in various ways. The most common, and simplest, is that minor infringements of the rule are taken as a justifiable basis for major infringements. For example, if Jenny has decided to stick to a diet in which she will not eat cake or candy, and if she finds herself forgetfully accepting a slice of birthday cake at a friend's celebration, she may then decide to go home and binge on cake and candy because she has already failed. Her "rule" has been broken so she might as well enjoy breaking it to the fullest. In reality, if this is the first piece of cake that Jenny has had for a month she has not failed at all—she is doing enormously well. But psychologically she feels as though she has failed and so there is no longer any point in trying to adhere to the rule. It is important when working with clients to discuss AVE and ways to avoid its lure as part of RP ( Relapse prevention - Answer Clients who can identify their own High Risk Situations and prepare in advance a repertoire of coping strategies to manage these situations are better able to prevent relapse. •Three common H R S: difficult or painful emotions, • interpersonal conflict, • social pressure. • social pressure.