BIOD 121 (Portage): Final Exam

Sensory, cognitive, environmental, health status - Why we eat Internal drive often experienced as a negative sensation such as churning, growling, or a painful sensation in the stomach - Hunger External drive often related to pleasant sensations associated with food and can lead us to eat even if we are not hungry - Appetite 1) To provide energy 2) To regulate body processes 3) To contribute to cellular and body structure - General functions of nutrients CHO, fats, protein, vitamins, minerals, water - 5 classes of nutrients -Compound of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen - Complex or simple forms found in sugars and starches - Broken down into glucose -Function: primary source of energy - CHO - Composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen - Triglycerides (fats or oils), cholesterol, and phospholipids - Function: Energy source, structure, and regulation - Lipids - composed of carbon, hydrogen, and many other elements - Fat soluble: A, D, E, K - Water soluble: B vitamins and vitamin C - Function: regulation - Vitamins - Simple, inorganic substances - Major minerals, 15 minerals needed in relatively large quantities - Function: structure and regulation - Minerals - Most simple nutrient but most important - Function: structure and regulation - Water - Tools consumers can use for a healthy diet 1. Mouth 2. Esophagus 3. Stomach 4. Small intestine 5. Large intestine 6. Rectum - Digestion (organs) Salivary glands, Liver, gallbladder, and pancreas - Organs that assist in digestion but are not considered to be a part of the GI tract Nutrient absorption occurs across the wall of the GI tract - Absorption