Midterm Exam: NR57 6 / NR 576 Differential Diagnosis in Adult -Gerontology Primary Care Exam Review| Guide Verified Answers (2023/ 202 4 Newly Updated) QUESTION What is epidermoid cyst Answer: A cyst filled with a cheesy material composed of sebum and epithelial debris that has formed in the duct of a sebaceous gland; also known as a sebaceous cyst. QUESTION What is sialadenitis Answer: Inflammation of the salivary gland (usually unilateral). sudden enlargement and pain of the affected gland and is usually due to an obstructive, infectious, or inflammatory etiology QUESTION What is treatment of onychomycosis Answer: Difficult to treat with topical agents, Oral terbinafine (Lamisil) or itraconazole is best QUESTION What is seborrheic keratosis Answer: benign, flat, irregularly shaped skin growths of various colors with a warty, waxy, smooth, crumbling appearance QUESTION What is Erysipelas Answer: Abrupt onset skin infection caused by Group A beta -hemolytic streptococci (GABHS). Usually affects the skin of the lower limbs. Characteristic butterfly distribution on cheeks and bridge of nose if on face. Systemic symptoms include fevers, chills. Spread pattern along tend ons and muscles characteristic of erysipelas. QUESTION What is Dermatitis herpetiformis Answer: Autoimmune, cutaneous, blistering disease that is a manifestation of gluten sensitivity. Affected patients typically develop intensely pruritic inflammatory papules and vesicles on the forearms, knees, scalp, or buttocks. The vast majority of patients with DH also have an associated gluten -
sensitive (celiac disease) QUESTION What is Candidiasis albicans Answer: yeast infection, found in the oropharynx and on the genitalia, can be transfer to infants through the birth canal or caretaker if weak immune system, can res olve spontaneously or will become a chronic low -grade infection in women. intense erythema and pruritus. QUESTION What is Schwabach Test Answer: - a vibrating tuning fork is placed over the mastoid process of the patient and then the examiner (assuming the examiner has normal hearing) and the results are compared. - In sensorineural loss, the patient's bone conduction is present for a shorter time than the examiner's bone conduction; in conductive loss, the patient's bone conduction persists for a longer time than the examiner's bone conduction. QUESTION What is Pneumatic Otoscope Answer: has the attachment of a bulb filled with air; during an exam with an otoscope the bulb is pressed to visualize whether or not the tympanic membrane is immobile, indicating possible otitis media QUESTION What is audiometry Answer: measurement of hearing, includes pu re tone and speech testing, as well as impedance (middle ear pressure) testing. QUESTION What is sensorineural hearing loss causes Answer: -Presbyacusis (MC) -Excessive noise exposure (> 85 db is damaging) -Head trauma -Ototoxic drugs (aminoglycosides, loop diureti cs, cisplatin) -Autoimmune diseases -Acoustic neuroma -Multiple Sclerosis -Auditory neuropathy QUESTION What is Conductive hearing loss causes
sensitive (celiac disease) QUESTION What is Candidiasis albicans Answer: yeast infection, found in the oropharynx and on the genitalia, can be transfer to infants through the birth canal or caretaker if weak immune system, can res olve spontaneously or will become a chronic low -grade infection in women. intense erythema and pruritus. QUESTION What is Schwabach Test Answer: - a vibrating tuning fork is placed over the mastoid process of the patient and then the examiner (assuming the examiner has normal hearing) and the results are compared. - In sensorineural loss, the patient's bone conduction is present for a shorter time than the examiner's bone conduction; in conductive loss, the patient's bone conduction persists for a longer time than the examiner's bone conduction. QUESTION What is Pneumatic Otoscope Answer: has the attachment of a bulb filled with air; during an exam with an otoscope the bulb is pressed to visualize whether or not the tympanic membrane is immobile, indicating possible otitis media QUESTION What is audiometry Answer: measurement of hearing, includes pu re tone and speech testing, as well as impedance (middle ear pressure) testing. QUESTION What is sensorineural hearing loss causes Answer: -Presbyacusis (MC) -Excessive noise exposure (> 85 db is damaging) -Head trauma -Ototoxic drugs (aminoglycosides, loop diureti cs, cisplatin) -Autoimmune diseases -Acoustic neuroma -Multiple Sclerosis -Auditory neuropathy QUESTION What is Conductive hearing loss causes
