CERTIFIED LACTATION COURSE EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (LATEST 2023 – 2024) SATISFACTION GUARANTEED

weaning - CORRECT ANSWER - the addition of adding other foods to a diet, but not completely stopping or ceasing breastfeeding when did breastfeeding rates start to initially decline (i.e. in Britain), particularly among the wealthy population? - CORRECT ANSWER - 16th-17th century and through the 18th century which month did women historically think was the most important to breastfeed during? - CORRECT ANSWER - the summer (due to food spoilage) what three ingredients made up the first commercial formula? (early 1800's/19th century) - CORRECT ANSWER - -wheat flour -cows milk -sugar what was, and still is today, one of the biggest reasons why mothers quit breastfeeding? - CORRECT ANSWER - mothers report not producing enough milk when did bottle feeding become the "new norm", thus, causing breastfeeding rates to continue to decline? - CORRECT ANSWER - 20th century (particularly, mid 1900's) (1950's-1970's) what is the WHO code? - CORRECT ANSWER - an attempt to prevent excessive marketing of ABM (artificial baby milk) and to bring awareness of benefits of breastfeeding (although this code is not law in many countries as it interferes with marketing & freedom) *breastfeeding education to pubic is critical!* what are some other breastfeeding barriers mothers have? - CORRECT ANSWER - -sexual vs functional aspects of breasts -women in the workplace-"im not producing enough milk" -lack of support from medical profession where are the breasts specifically located on the body? - CORRECT ANSWER - -between 2nd & 6th rib -from sternum to mid axillary line -only gland in not fully functioning at birth *may contain hair, sweat, and oil glands hypoplastic breasts - CORRECT ANSWER - -insufficient glandular tissues -usually only extend from 3rd to 5th rib -typically have more spacing between breasts (1.5 inches or more) montgomery glands/tubercles - CORRECT ANSWER - "small bumps" located around areola that become more prominent (hypertrophy) during pregnancy & are thought to secrete substance during pregnancy/lactation & contain scent glands to help guide infant to nipple, while also helping kill pathogens that try to enter the body areola - CORRECT ANSWER - vary in shape & color; usually circular; become darker during pregnancy and do not return to pre-pregnancy color nipple - CORRECT ANSWER - contain smooth muscle fibers for erectness and graspability; normally found at 4th intercostal space that typically contain between 4-18 openings (9 on average) for milk to be expressed through during lactation nipple/areola complex - CORRECT ANSWER - thought of as one entity; both elongate up to 2-3 times resting length during breastfeeding; areola = most sensitive part of breast nipples = least sensitive everted nipples - CORRECT ANSWER - most common type of nipples; protrudes slightly at rest & everts well with stimulation flat nipples - CORRECT ANSWER - soft, but pliable & graspable pseudo-inverted nipples - CORRECT ANSWER - appear to be inverted but will evert with stimulation or compressionretracted nipples - CORRECT ANSWER - type of inverted nipples that appear to be graspable but retracts, rather than everts, with compression inverted nipples/nipple inversion - CORRECT ANSWER - retracted nipples that occur with retracted both with rest and stimualtion what are some techniques for flat/inverted nipples that may help to evert nipples? - CORRECT ANSWER - -inverted syringe -supple cups -breast shells -avent nipplette -"pinch test" in last trimester of pregnancy supernumerary nipples - CORRECT ANSWER - "3rd nipple" or "accessory nipple" found along line of glandular tissue what is breast tissue composed of? - CORRECT ANSWER - 2/3 glandular tissue 1/3 adipose tissue suspensory ligaments - CORRECT ANSWER - aka cooper's ligaments; heavy fibrous bands that divide adipose and glandular tissue of breasts into segments describe breast innervation - CORRECT ANSWER - breasts and areola are high innervated by 4th-6th intercostal nerves (greatest amount of innervation from 4th intercostal nerve) to bring sensation from behind from spine along ribs to chest and breasts how to properly perform breast assessment: - CORRECT ANSWER - -examine bilaterally at same time -observe shape, size, symmetry, elasticity -look for bumps, edema, engorgement, scars, anything abnormal what are the internal features of the breasts? - CORRECT ANSWER - -4 sections called quadrants -lactocytes (cells that make milk) fill each alveoli -- alveoli fill lobes of breasts -- lobes surround areola of breasts -- breast milk secreted into lumen of alveolus -- from center of alveolus, milk moves into small channel (ductile) (many of these,delicate) -- each ductile drains into large lactiferous or mammary duct -- ducts terminate at the nipple **AKA: lactocytes -- alevoli -- small ductile -- mammary duct -- larger mammary ducts -- nipple opening what is the "foundation" of milk production? - CORRECT ANSWER - lactocytes (milk producing cells) what is witch's milk? - CORRECT ANSWER - breast buds/neonatal engorgement in full term infants that may be mistaken for baby acne; self resolve by 4 weeks pp why is it critical to ask mothers about breast changes during pregnancy when completing an assessment - CORRECT ANSWER - different hormones cause breast changes during pregnan