AIR Methods CC Paramedic Exam with Complete Solutions

ABG - PH - ANSWER-7.35-7.45 mm HG ABG - PaCO2 range - ANSWER-35-45 mm HG ABG - PA02 - ANSWER-80-100mm HG ABG - BE - ANSWER--2 - 3 MeQ/L CBC: Hemoglobin (Hgb) - what is the normal range? - ANSWER-Normal Value: 14-17.5 G /DL CBC: Hemoglobin (Hgb) - what do high and low values indicate? - ANSWER-High value = smoking? Low value = anemia or blood loss? CBC: Hematocrit - what is the normal range? - ANSWER-Normal value = 41-50% CBC: Hematocrit - what do high and low values indicate? - ANSWER-High value = dehydrated? Low value = anemia or blood loss? CBC: WBC - what is the normal range? - ANSWER-Normal value = CBC: WBC - what do high and low values indicate? - ANSWER-High value = infection, anemia, steroid use Low value = viral infection or immunodeficiency CBC: RBC - what is the normal range? - ANSWER-Normal value = 3.9-5.5 million mm3 CBC: RBC - what do high and low values indicate? - ANSWER-High value = polycythemia or high altitude Low value = cancer or bone marrow suppression Coags: PT - what does it measure & how long? - ANSWER-Coumadin anticoagulation 10-13 second Coags: PT - what do high values indicate? - ANSWER-High values can indicate liver cirrohsis, vitamin K deficiency or DIC Coags: INR - ANSWER-International normalized ratio. Normal INR = 1.0. Coags: aPTT - what does it measure & how long? - ANSWER-Measures Heparin 25-40 second OB: What are some physiological changes which occur in pregnancy? - ANSWER--Blood volume increases 40% -Plasma increases, showing false anemia on labs -BP decreases in 2nd trimester, but returns to normal -Cardiac output increases, up to 50% -HR increases 10-15 bpm -SBP increases -Body becomes more insulin resistant -Uterus enlarges 20x OB: Physical assessment of pregnant patient - ANSWER-Palpate / Check vitals / Check FHT / Ask GP-PAL OB: What is GP-PAL - ANSWER-Gravida, Para, Preterms, Abortion, Living children OB: Tx for distressed fetus? - ANSWER-100% O2 via NRB on mother; place in LLR; give fluids for hypotension and perform external vaginal exam OB: Vaginal bleeding - caused by? - ANSWER-Ovarian cysts, spotting, fetal loss, ectopic pregnancy or uterine rupture OB: Vaginal bleeding - TX? - ANSWER-O2/IV/Monitor Manage blood loss Blood products Tx for shock Monitor FHT OB: Gestational hypertension - TX? - ANSWER-Treat with: -Beta Blockers like Labetalol -Arterial vasodilators like Hydrolozine -Consider seizure prophylaxis like 4G Mag over 20 min OB: Pre-eclampsia - S/S & TX? - ANSWER-S/S = HTN with edema, neuro changes and clonus TX = -Beta Blockers like Labetalol -Arterial vasodilators like Hydrolozine -Consider seizure prophylaxis like 4G Mag over 20 min (Delivery is only option to stop condition) OB: Pre-eclampsia - severe S/S? - ANSWER-BP 160/100 Pulmonary edema Platelets under 100k