MMSC 423 - Final Exam Accurate Answers 2023

Interpret, calculate, and state the therapeutic range of the INR - INR = (patient PT ÷ mean lab PT)^ISI Therapeutic Range : 2.0-3.0 Calculate the MCV, MCH, MCHC given pertinent data - MCV (fL) = hematocrit × 10 ÷ RBCs MCH (pg) = hemoglobin × 10 ÷ RBCs MCHC (%) = hemoglobin × 100 ÷ hematocrit Identify each coagulation factor with its proper name - I : Fibrinogen II : Prothrombin III : Tissue factor IV : Ionic Calcium V : Labile factor VII : Stable factor VIII : Antihemophilic factor vWF : von Willebrand factor IX : Christmas factor X : Stuart-Prower factor XI : Plasma thromboplastin antecedent XII : Hageman factor pre-K : Prekallikrein; Fletcher factor HMWK : Fitzgerald factor ; High-molecular-weight kininogen XIII : Fibrin-stabilizing factor (FSF) PF3 : Platelet factor 3; phospholipids, phosphatidyl-serine Calculate an absolute lymphocyte count given pertinent data - Lymphocytes(%) × total WBC Ex. lymphocytes = 39.4%, WBC = 7.1x10^9/L 0.394% × 7.1x10^9/L = 2.8x10^9/L Distinguish among the following laboratory tests of Hemostasis as pertaining to principle, sample requirements, reagents used, purpose of the tests, interpretation of results: Bleeding Time, TEG, PT, APTT, Thrombin Time, D-Dimer, Anti-Xa, PlateletWorks, Fibrinogen assay, Platelet aggregometry - ... Distinguish the following laboratory test of Hemostasis as pertaining to principle, sample requirements, reagents used, purpose of the tests, interpretation of results: PFA-100 - Principle : Platelet Function Assay; whole blood passes through cartridges until activation by agonist causes occlusion generating Closure Time (CT) Sample requirements : 800 μL whole blood per cartridge Reagents : Collagen & Epinephrine cartridge detects platelet dysfunction induced by vWD, intrinsic defect, & platelet inhibiting agents Collagen & ADP cartridge indicates abnormal effects by aspirin or acetylsalicylic acid Purpose : Screening test of platelets that measures adhesion and aggregation of primary hemostasis Presumptive diagnosis for platelet function deficiency, vWD & efficacy of aspirin Normal values: 73-183 C/E | 51-109 C/ADP Interpretation: abnormal C/E & normal C/ADP - vWD or Glanzmann's thrombasthenia prolonged C/E & C/ADP - anemia, thrombocytopenia, & platelet function defect abnormal C/E & C/ADP - aspirin Describe how platelets are produced and state their life-span - ... Discuss the platelet ultrastructure and the constituents/functions of each zone - ... Discuss the role of cyclooxygenase and thromboxane A2 in platelet function, including the effect of aspirin on these variables - ... Distinguish among types of qualitative platelet abnormalities [vWD, BSS, GT, Hemophilia A] by comparison of pathophysiology, lab findings, and treatment - ... Compare and contrast the quantitative platelet disorders [DIC, ITP, TTP, HUS, HELLP] including etiology, clinical picture, lab results, and potential treatment - ... Discuss the etiology and pathophysiology of Factor V Leiden - ... Describe the anticoagulant mechanism of unfractionated heparin, low molecular weight heparin, and Coumadin and state drugs that can reverse effects of heparin and Coumadin - ... List the functions of thrombin, antithrombin, TFPI, and activated Protein C - ... Compare and contrast Gray Platelet syndrome, Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome, TAR syndrome, Chediak-Higashi regarding etiology, pathophysiology, and lab findings - ... Differentiate serum from plasma in regards to presence/absence of coagulation factors - ...