BEGINNER’S GUIDE TO OSCOLA REFERENCING
,CONTENTS:
- How To Subsequently Cite In Footnotes:
- Primary Sources:
- Cases……………………………………………………………………....3
- Statutes…………………………………………………………………..3-4
- EU Legislation & Cases………………………………………………...4-5
- European Court of Human Rights………………………………………5-7
- Secondary Sources:
- Books……………………………………………………………………...8
- Encyclopedias…………………………………………………………...8-9
- Journal Articles………………………………………………………...9-10
- Online Journals…………………………………………………………..10
- Command Papers & Law Commission Reports……………………...10-12
- Websites & Blogs………………………………………………………...12
- Newspaper Articles………………………………………………………13
- Hansard……………………………………………………………….13-14
,HOW TO SUBSEQUENTLY CITE IN FOOTNOTES: PRIMARY SOURCES:
Cases:
If the subsequent citation is IMMEDIATELY after the full citation, “ibid.” will be used.
🠋
Eg. Donoghue v Stevenson [1932] UKHL 100 [1932] AC 562. 🠊 ibid.
If the subsequent citation is interrupted by other footnotes, you must identify the case and refer it
back to the original citation.
🠋
Eg. Donoghue v Stevenson [1932] UKHL 100 [1932] AC 562. 🠊 Donoghue (n.1).
NOTICE:
- In IMMEDIATE subsequent citations, the word “ibid.” is used.
- In the other example:
- 1 party name is mentioned
- Party name is still in ITALICS
- “(n.1)” refers to the footnote number the original, full citation is.
- The number changes accordingly
- FOOTNOTES ALWAYS END IN FULLSTOPS
Statutes:
If the subsequent citation is IMMEDIATELY after the full citation, “ibid.” will be used.
🠋
Eg. Sexual Offences Act 2003 (SOA 2003), s1(1)c. 🠊 ibid.
If the subsequent citation is interrupted by other footnotes, you must add the abbreviation of the
statute before the specific section of the original citation in brackets. After that, you may use the
abbreviated version of the statute.
, 🠋
Eg. Sexual Offences Act 2003 (SOA 2003), s1(1)c. 🠊 SOA 2003.
NOTICE:
- In IMMEDIATE subsequent citations, the word “ibid.” is used.
- In the other example:
- The full citation is followed by the abbreviated one
- Later, the abbreviated statute is in ITALICS
- FOOTNOTES ALWAYS END IN FULLSTOPS
EU Legislation & Cases:
LEGISLATION: If the subsequent citation is IMMEDIATELY after the full citation, “ibid.”
will be used
🠋
Eg. Treaty of Lisbon amending the Treaty on European Union and the Treaty establishing the
European Community [2007] OJ C 306/1. 🠊 ibid.
If the subsequent citation is interrupted by other footnotes, you must shorten the legislation to
identify it and add it to the statute before the specific section of the original citation in brackets.
After that, you may use the shortened version of the statute.
🠋
Eg. Treaty of Lisbon amending the Treaty on European Union and the Treaty establishing the
European Community [2007] OJ C 306/1 (Treaty of Lisbon). 🠊 Treaty of Lisbon.
NOTICE:
- In IMMEDIATE subsequent citations, the word “ibid.” is used.
- In the other example:
- The full citation is followed by the shortened one
,CONTENTS:
- How To Subsequently Cite In Footnotes:
- Primary Sources:
- Cases……………………………………………………………………....3
- Statutes…………………………………………………………………..3-4
- EU Legislation & Cases………………………………………………...4-5
- European Court of Human Rights………………………………………5-7
- Secondary Sources:
- Books……………………………………………………………………...8
- Encyclopedias…………………………………………………………...8-9
- Journal Articles………………………………………………………...9-10
- Online Journals…………………………………………………………..10
- Command Papers & Law Commission Reports……………………...10-12
- Websites & Blogs………………………………………………………...12
- Newspaper Articles………………………………………………………13
- Hansard……………………………………………………………….13-14
,HOW TO SUBSEQUENTLY CITE IN FOOTNOTES: PRIMARY SOURCES:
Cases:
If the subsequent citation is IMMEDIATELY after the full citation, “ibid.” will be used.
🠋
Eg. Donoghue v Stevenson [1932] UKHL 100 [1932] AC 562. 🠊 ibid.
If the subsequent citation is interrupted by other footnotes, you must identify the case and refer it
back to the original citation.
🠋
Eg. Donoghue v Stevenson [1932] UKHL 100 [1932] AC 562. 🠊 Donoghue (n.1).
NOTICE:
- In IMMEDIATE subsequent citations, the word “ibid.” is used.
- In the other example:
- 1 party name is mentioned
- Party name is still in ITALICS
- “(n.1)” refers to the footnote number the original, full citation is.
- The number changes accordingly
- FOOTNOTES ALWAYS END IN FULLSTOPS
Statutes:
If the subsequent citation is IMMEDIATELY after the full citation, “ibid.” will be used.
🠋
Eg. Sexual Offences Act 2003 (SOA 2003), s1(1)c. 🠊 ibid.
If the subsequent citation is interrupted by other footnotes, you must add the abbreviation of the
statute before the specific section of the original citation in brackets. After that, you may use the
abbreviated version of the statute.
, 🠋
Eg. Sexual Offences Act 2003 (SOA 2003), s1(1)c. 🠊 SOA 2003.
NOTICE:
- In IMMEDIATE subsequent citations, the word “ibid.” is used.
- In the other example:
- The full citation is followed by the abbreviated one
- Later, the abbreviated statute is in ITALICS
- FOOTNOTES ALWAYS END IN FULLSTOPS
EU Legislation & Cases:
LEGISLATION: If the subsequent citation is IMMEDIATELY after the full citation, “ibid.”
will be used
🠋
Eg. Treaty of Lisbon amending the Treaty on European Union and the Treaty establishing the
European Community [2007] OJ C 306/1. 🠊 ibid.
If the subsequent citation is interrupted by other footnotes, you must shorten the legislation to
identify it and add it to the statute before the specific section of the original citation in brackets.
After that, you may use the shortened version of the statute.
🠋
Eg. Treaty of Lisbon amending the Treaty on European Union and the Treaty establishing the
European Community [2007] OJ C 306/1 (Treaty of Lisbon). 🠊 Treaty of Lisbon.
NOTICE:
- In IMMEDIATE subsequent citations, the word “ibid.” is used.
- In the other example:
- The full citation is followed by the shortened one
