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  • Unit 4 - Genetic information, variation and relationships between organisms
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Genetic information, variation and relationships between organisms Condensed Notes

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2021/2022 Written for academic year
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Unit 4 - Genetic information, variation and relationships between organisms
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The following document contains my structured and easy to read condensed notes filled with great diagrams for all of Biology AQA A level. The boxes for every chapter contain all the concepts you need to know for each chapter with the notes are followed below. Notes are bite sized and will help with revision and memorisation. Do not fully rely on these notes, this is the absolute minimum needed to know to pass your A level biology exams! To achieve a higher mark, you will need to do extra research revision and practice questions on the yellow highlighted words. I also encourage watching videos for anything you are really unsure about. Required practicals not included in these notes.

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Genetic Information, variation and relationships
between organisms
Contents
● Protein synthesis
○ Transcription DNA → mRNA
○ Translation
● Meiosis
○ Gene mutation
○ Crossing over
○ Independent segregation
● Biodiversity
● Measuring variation
● Classification system
● Natural selection
○ Directional and Stabilising selection


● DNA is stored differently in different organisms
○ Eukaryotic
○ Prokaryotic
● DNA contains Genes that code for
○ Amino acid sequence of a polypeptide
○ A functional RNA
● Genes can exist in different forms called alleles
● Homologous pair of chromosomes

, ● Protein synthesis




○ Transcription (in nucleus) DNA → mRNA
■ Splicing
○ Translation (in cytoplasm) mRNA → Protein
■ tRNA




● Anticodon

● Genetic Diversity + Adaptation
○ Genetic diversity - total number of different alleles in a population

Document information

Study Level
A/AS Level
Subject
A Level Biology
Uploaded on
July 7, 2023
Number of pages
12
Written in
2021/2022
Type
Class notes
Professor(s)
Jeremy sampson & sarah brockwell
Contains
All classes
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