CNSC Exam- ASPEN 2023 with 100% correct answers

What is a usual length of a small intestine 400-800 cm Cyclosporine after transplant may cause what electrolyte to be high Potassium What is fulminant hepatic failure another name for acute liver failure, causes hypoglycemia What concentration of sodium is needed in oral rehydration solution 90-120 meq/L What lab value would most likely indicate cholestasis Conjugated/ direct bilirubin What is bilirubin a orange-yellow pigment formed in the liver by the breakdown of hemoglobin and excreted in bile What mineral in PN can cause rigidity and where does it build up Manganese Brain What is the average amount of fluid absorbed by the bowel 6-8 liters How big is the duodenum? 25-40 cm what are the three main SBS variants and how much bowel is needed with each Jejunoileocolonic anastamosis- need only 30 cm of bowel Jejunocolonic- need at least 60 cm End jejunostomy- need 100cm What happens in the terminal ileum that is of concern with SBS? Vitamin B12 absorption Enterohepatic recirculation of bile Hypomagnesiumemia in SBS- why and how to manage Occurs because of loss of magnesium absorption in gut Binding magnesium to free fatty acids that are not absorbed Magnesium leads to low calcium Correction of sodium is needed to correct magnesium What is needed to prevent nephrolithiasis when colon is present Low fat diet Low oxalate High calcium Good hydration Oxalates not able to bind with calcium due to excess fat which competes with oxalates What two immunosuppresive drugs can result in hyperkalemia and hypomagnesemia Cyclosporine Tacro How do tacro and cyclosporine contribute to glucose changes These inhibit pancreatic islet cell function and insulin secretion which can lead to insulin resistance