Maternal Health Exam 2 2023 with 100% correct answers

How often should you auscultate the FHR in each phase of labor? Latent phase - every hour Active phase - every 30 minutes Second stage - every 15 minutes What are the external methods of monitoring fetal heart rate (2) 1) Ultrasound transducer - looks at fetal heart tones 2) Tocotransducer - looks at contractions only and senses when the abdomen gets tense Where do you listen to the fetal heart tone if the baby is in cephalic or breech position? Cephalic: below maternal umbilicus Breech: ABOVE maternal umbilicus What are the internal methods of monitoring fetal heart rate? (2) 1) Spiral Electrode - connects to the top of the baby's head by lodging right beneath the skin. Measures fetal heart tones. *More accurate 2) Intrauterine Pressure Catheter (IUPC) - catheter inserted into uterus to measure the pressure/intensity of a contraction What has to be already done to use the internal monitoring methods of fetal heart rate? The bag of water has to already be broken and mom has to be dilated 2-3 cm What is the normal range for fetal heart rate? 110-160 bpm less than 110, bradycardia higher than 160, tachycardia How do you get a baseline average rate of a fetal HR? Monitor fetal heart rate during a 10 minute period to find their baseline What is the normal frequency of contractions and their length? 2-5 contractions in 10 minutes that last 45-80 seconds. They should not last longer than 90 seconds What is variability in a FHR? Beat to beat fluctuations in baseline fetal heart rate. This measures the well being of the fetus What causes variability in FHR? Fetal hypoxemia, congenital abnormalities, neuro injury, medications given to mom in labor, extreme prematurity, fetal sleep state (can decrease when fetus is sleeping)