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Mcr

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(MCR) Dise˜no MCR - Mecanismo de selecci´on Un m´etodo de selecci´on que garantiza los supuestos de probabilidad planteados para este dise˜no es el conocido m´etodo acumulativo total. Este m´etodo consiste en acumular las probabilidades y construir intervalos de selecci´on de acuerdo a la diferencia de acumulados. Se realizan m experimentos, ξ1, ξ2, ..., ξm aleatorios con distribuci´on uniforme (0, 1) y cada uno de ellos se asigna al intervalo de selecci´on correspondiente seg´un su tama˜no. Un elemento es incluido en la muestra tantas veces como resultados ξk haya sido asignado al intervalo correspondiente. Jorge A. Bar´on (Unic´ordoba) ESTAD´ISTICA II 5 / 13 (MCR) Dise˜no MCR Para el dise˜no de muestreo aleatorio simple con reemplazo, donde pk = 1 N , se tiene que: El estimador de Hansen-Hurwitz para el total est´a dado por: ˆty,p = N m X s yk La varianza estimada del estimador est´a dada por: ˆV ˆty,p  = N 2 m S2 ys Jorge A. Bar´on (Unic´ordoba) ESTAD´ISTICA II 6 / 13 (MCR) Dise˜no MCR Ejercicio Suponga que por cuestiones practicas se cuenta una poblaci´on de tama˜no 10, de la cual se desea seleccionar una muestra de tama˜no 4, mediante un dise˜no de muestreo aleatorio simple con reemplazo. Jorge A. Bar´on (Unic´ordoba) ESTAD´ISTICA II 7 / 13 (MCR) Dise˜no MCR Tenemos que N = 10 y m = 4. Como se desea implementar un dise˜no de muestreo aleatorio simple con reemplazo, se tiene que pk = 1 N = 1 10 = 0.1. Luego para la selecci´on de la muestra se utiliza m´etodo acumulati- vo total, como se muestra a continuaci´on: Como el tama˜no de muestra es m = 4, se generan 4 n´umeros aleatorios con distribuci´on uniforme en el intervalo (0, 1) y determi- namos en que intervalo de selecci´on caen dichos n´umeros aleatorios. ξk = {0.554, 0.462, 0.114, 0.563} Jorge A. Bar´on (Unic´ordoba) ESTAD´ISTICA II 8 / 13 (MCR) Dise˜no MCR k pk pk acumulado Intervalo de selecci´on ξk 1 0.1 0.1 (0.0, 0.1] 2 0.1 0.2 (0.1, 0.2] 0.114 3 0.1 0.3 (0.2, 0.3] 4 0.1 0.4 (0.3, 0.4] 5 0.1 0.5 (0.4, 0.5] 0.462 6 0.1 0.6 (0.5, 0.6] 0.554; 0.563 7 0.1 0.7 (0.6, 0.7] 8 0.1 0.8 (0.7, 0.8] 9 0.1 0.9 (0.8, 0.9] 10 0.1 1.0 (0.9, 1.0] Jorge A. Bar´on (Unic´ordoba) ESTAD´ISTICA II 9 / 13 (MCR) Dise˜no MCR Por consiguiente los individuos seleccionados son: s = {6, 5, 2, 6} Suponga que una caracter´ıstica medida a los individuos seleccio- nados, est´a dada por: y2 = 65, y5 = 68, y6 = 63. Estime el total poblacional, mediante el p-estimador, con su correspondiente error est´andar y coeficiente de variaci´on. ˆty,p = N m X s yk = 10 4 × [65 + 68 + (2 × 63)] = 647.5 Jorge A. Bar´on (Unic´ordoba) ESTAD´ISTICA II 10 / 13 (MCR) Dise˜no MCR La varianza estimada para la estimaci´on del total

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ESTADÍSTICA II
Diseño de muestreo MCR


Jorge Alberto Barón Cárdenas

Departamento de Matemáticas y Estadı́sticas
Universidad de Córdoba




19 de abril de 2022

Jorge A. Barón (Unicórdoba) ESTADÍSTICA II

, Tabla de Contenido



Diseño de muestreo aleatorio simple con reemplazo (MCR)
Referencias




Jorge A. Barón (Unicórdoba) ESTADÍSTICA II

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