One definition of abnormality is statistical infrequency which states that anything out of the
normal range of behaviour can be classed as abnormal. For example, the majority of ppl
aren’t depressed, so those who are are considered abnormal.
Labelling is unethical as it can lead to discrimination due to the stigma attached to it, it is
socially sensitive which leads to further prejudice in society, causing people to be unable to
get jobs or lose them.
Rosenhan’s study was carried out in 8 hospitals in the USA, it showed that when pps were
admitted to the hospital with a label of schizophrenia, they were treated accordingly, even
if they were acting perfectly sane. Behaviour such as writing in their diary was viewed as
abnormal and called ‘obsessive writing disorder’, it was viewed as another symptom of
their mental illness. This shows that the label stuck with them although they were doing
normal things and was used to explain everything they did. They were also released with a
diagnosis of schizophrenia in remission, showing that the label stuck with them even after
they left the hospital.
Biological treatment
You will be placed on a bed where you have to let your body relax, and once you are
comfortable you will be given an anaesthetic injection, once you pass out, a muscle relaxant
will also be injected to minimise convulsions created by the electric current. Because of this,
the anaesthetic will have to look after your breathing with an oxygen mask and a pressure
bag. Two padded electrodes will be placed on one side of ur head or both
(unilateral/bilateral) and a mouth guard will be placed in your mouth to ensure you don't
bite down on your tongue. The ECT machine will deliver a series of short, brief high-voltage
electrical pulses - about 600 to 70 a second for about 3-5 seconds. This will make you
have a seizure which will last about 20-50 seconds and will cause you to stiffen slightly
and have twitching movements on your face, hands, and feet. There are usually 7-8
treatments of ECT over a course of 3 weeks, 2x a week.
Biochemical drug treatment - clear links between low serotonin levels + depression. One
treatment is the use of SSRIs which act on the lvls of serotonin, in order to inc them.
Serotonin is a neurotransmitter which is transmitted across the synaptic gap, and once the
neuron is stimulated, the serotonin is taken back up by the original neuron, therefore
leading to low levels. However, the SSRI prevents the reuptake and so the levels of
serotonin in the synaptic gap remain high and therefore reduce the symptoms of
depression.
Cognitive explanation with another explanation of MI
Biological + cognitive - both are falsifiable.
normal range of behaviour can be classed as abnormal. For example, the majority of ppl
aren’t depressed, so those who are are considered abnormal.
Labelling is unethical as it can lead to discrimination due to the stigma attached to it, it is
socially sensitive which leads to further prejudice in society, causing people to be unable to
get jobs or lose them.
Rosenhan’s study was carried out in 8 hospitals in the USA, it showed that when pps were
admitted to the hospital with a label of schizophrenia, they were treated accordingly, even
if they were acting perfectly sane. Behaviour such as writing in their diary was viewed as
abnormal and called ‘obsessive writing disorder’, it was viewed as another symptom of
their mental illness. This shows that the label stuck with them although they were doing
normal things and was used to explain everything they did. They were also released with a
diagnosis of schizophrenia in remission, showing that the label stuck with them even after
they left the hospital.
Biological treatment
You will be placed on a bed where you have to let your body relax, and once you are
comfortable you will be given an anaesthetic injection, once you pass out, a muscle relaxant
will also be injected to minimise convulsions created by the electric current. Because of this,
the anaesthetic will have to look after your breathing with an oxygen mask and a pressure
bag. Two padded electrodes will be placed on one side of ur head or both
(unilateral/bilateral) and a mouth guard will be placed in your mouth to ensure you don't
bite down on your tongue. The ECT machine will deliver a series of short, brief high-voltage
electrical pulses - about 600 to 70 a second for about 3-5 seconds. This will make you
have a seizure which will last about 20-50 seconds and will cause you to stiffen slightly
and have twitching movements on your face, hands, and feet. There are usually 7-8
treatments of ECT over a course of 3 weeks, 2x a week.
Biochemical drug treatment - clear links between low serotonin levels + depression. One
treatment is the use of SSRIs which act on the lvls of serotonin, in order to inc them.
Serotonin is a neurotransmitter which is transmitted across the synaptic gap, and once the
neuron is stimulated, the serotonin is taken back up by the original neuron, therefore
leading to low levels. However, the SSRI prevents the reuptake and so the levels of
serotonin in the synaptic gap remain high and therefore reduce the symptoms of
depression.
Cognitive explanation with another explanation of MI
Biological + cognitive - both are falsifiable.
