ATLS Practice Questions & Answers: 100% Verified; Updated Solution

Definitive control of the airway is achieved by ____________ (Ans- Endotracheal intubation How do you treat hypothermia in the ED? (Ans- crystalloid fluids at 102.2 degrees F and warmed treatment area What does definitive hemorrhage control refer to? (3) (Ans- 1) Possible surgery 2) Stabilizing of pelvis 3) Angioembolization What are rates of fluid administration measured by? (Ans- Size and length of catheter Minimum flow rate of oxygen reservoir mask (Ans- 11 L/min MCC of shock in trauma pt (Ans- Hypovolemia due to hemorrhage Describe the 3 for 1 rule (Ans- Replace each mL of blood loss with 3 ml of crystalloid solution What metabolic state can result from continued hemorrhage or decreased perfusion? (Ans- Metabolic acidosis In what survey, primary or secondary, are these identified? 1) Simple PTX 2) Pulmonary contusion 3) Traumatic aortic disruption (Ans- Secondary Via thorough PE, CXR, pulse ox, ECG and ABG What imaging study is preferred for penetrating abdominal trauma? (Ans- CT What can FAST rapidly diagnose? (Ans- Abdominal hemorrhage When is a laparotomy indicated? (Ans- Fascial penetration with intraperitoneal bleeding or peritonitis What does the Monro Kellie doctrine describe? (Ans- The relationship between IC volume and pressure Normal resting ICP (Ans- 10 mm Hg How do you reduce elevated ICP? (Ans- Mannitol in a 20% solution How do you temporarily control pelvic hemorrhage and instability? (Ans- Internal traction and external counter-pressure How do you initially manage major arterial injury? (Ans- Direct pressure and fluid resuscitation Full thickness burn (Ans- Third degree burn What is used to estimate the size and depth of burns? (Ans- Rule of 9's Head= 9% Each arm=9% Front Trunk= 18% Back Trunk= 18% Upper leg= 9% Lower leg= 9% What type of burns appear wet and blistered? (Ans- Partial thickness burns (second degree) How do you treat CO exposed pt? (Ans- 100% oxygen flow through non re-breather mask