Pharmacology NCLEX Exam.

Pharmacology NCLEX Exam.ACE Inhibitor Drugs - answerCaptopril (Capoten), Enalapril (Vasotec), Enalaprilat (Vasotec IV), Fosinopril (Monopril), Lisinopril (Prinivil) ACE Inhibitors/ARBs Use - answerUses: Hypertension, HF, MI, diabetic neuropathy. Precautions/interactions: caution with diuretic therapy, monitor potassium levels. Side effects of ACE inhibitor/ARBs - answerPersistent non-productive cough with ACE. Angioedema (administer epinephrine), hypotension, should not be used in second and third trimester of pregnancy Captopril time to take - answer1 hour before meals Calcium channel blocker drugs - answerNifedipine (Adalat, Procardia), verapamil (Calan), Diltiazem (Cardizem), Amlodipine (Norvasc) Ca++ channel blocker Use - answerAngina, hypertension. Verapamil and diltiazem used for a fib, atrial flutter, or SVT. Use cautiously with digoxin and beta blockers, contraindicated for those with HF, heart block, bradycardia. NO GRAPEFRUIT JUICE. IV injection over 2-3 minutes. Slowly taper if discontinuing Side effects of calcium channel blockers - answerConstipation, reflex tachycardia, peripheral edema, toxicity Alpha Adrenergic Blockers (Sympatholytics) - answerSelectively inhibit alpha, adrenergic receptors, resulting in peripheral arterial and venous dilation that lowers BP. Side effects: dizziness, fainting. Take at bed time to minimize effects of hypotension. Alpha Adrenergic Blockers Drugs - answerPrazosin (Minipress), Doxazosin mesylate (Cardura) Centrally Acting Alpha2 Agonists - answerStimulate alpha-adrenergic receptors in the brain to reduce peripheral vascular resistance, heart rate, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Used for HTN, hypertensive crisis, severe cancer pain. Centrally Acting Alpha2 Agonist Drugs - answerClonidine (Catapres), Guanfacine HCl (Tenex), Methyldopa (Aldomet) Centrally Acting Alpha2 Agonist Drug Precautions - answerContraindicated with anticoagulant therapy, hepatic failure. Do not administer to clients taking MAOIs. Do not administer methyldopa through IV line with barbiturates or sulfonamides. Use cautiously in CVA, MI, DM, depression, or chronic renal failure. Do not use during lactation Centrally Acting Alpha2 Agonist Drug Side Effects - answerDry mouth, drowsiness,