MB (ASCP) Exam Questions and Answers Graded A+ Latest 2023

Predominant form of DNA Right-handed B DNA and histone interaction is due to what type of bond? Ionic What stains to the minor groove of DNA duplex? SYBR Green What is the most abundant type of RNA? Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) What does RNA act as in a retrovirus? Genome and mRNA What increases half-life of mRNA? 5' Methyl Cap What kind of DNA is most likely to be transcriptionally active? Euchromatin What is the most common type of eukaryotic DNA? Satellite DNA What specimen has the most DNA according to molecular weight? White Blood Cells What amino acids compose histones? Lysine and Arginine Amino acid that all proteins start with: Methionine What protects the DNA strand during replication? Single-stranded binding protein Leading Strand 3' to 5' template Lagging Strand 5' to 3' template What DNA strand is being copied in transcription? Antisense Strand First step after newly formed mRNA is made? Addition of poly(A) tail Every time the chromosome is copied it would become shorter if not for what enzyme? Telomerase What polymerase has repair activity? Beta/Epsilon What polymerase acts on leading strand? Delta What polymerase acts on lagging strand? Alpha Which polymerase is used for mitochondrial replication and repair? Gamma What polymerase binds the 5' end to 3' end of dsDNA? Topoisomerase Which RNA polymerase is mainly for transcription? RNA Pol II Which polymerase is involved with mRNA synthesis? RNA Pol II What inactivates RNAses? Diethyl pyrocarbonate (DEPC) or bake glassware for 4 to 6 hours at 400C What type of restriction enzyme recognizes palindromic sites? Restriction Enzyme Type II What type of restriction enzyme lacks methylation activity? Restriction Enzyme Type II What is necessary to make cDNA? Reverse transcriptase Number of SNPs in a human genome? 11 billion (10^7) How many genes (base pairs) are in a human haploid genome? 3 billion base pairs The polymerization of acrylamide requires: Catalyst (APS or TEMED) or Light activation How does agarose gel pore size relate to concentration? Inversely proportional What is denatured during a southern blot? Hydrogen bonds (inter-strand bonds) Melting temperature formula Tm = (4C x GC Pairs) + (2C x AT pairs) Which is likely to interfere with fluorescent probe? 5' G Proper GC content of primer 35-65% Inhibitors of PCR Hemoglobin, Heparin, Xylene, Phenol, Cyanol, and Bromophenol Blue Order to add to a PCR reaction: Master mix patient sample positive control negative control Pre Area Positive Pressure Post Area Negative Pressure Which PCR requires two steps for specificity? Nested PCR Which microorganism is detected by branched DNA amplification? DNA or RNA Which technique uses RNA, antibodies, and DNA? Hybrid Capture Assay