Science Final Study Guide 2023

Science Final Study Guide 2023 Heterozygous -CORRECT ANSWER- Ex: Tt... One of each trait, but the dominant allele shows Allele -CORRECT ANSWER- alternative forms of a gene for each variation of a trait of an organism Atom -CORRECT ANSWER- smallest particle of an element Periodic table -CORRECT ANSWER- A table that shows the elements, their atomic number, symbol, and average atomic mass; elements with similar chemical properties are grouped together. Homozygous (Dominant) -CORRECT ANSWER- Ex: TT... Both alleles for a trait are the same and dominant Homozygous (recessive) -CORRECT ANSWER- Ex: tt... Both alleles for a trait are the same and recessive Freezing -CORRECT ANSWER- When a liquid turns into a solid Melting -CORRECT ANSWER- When a solid turns into a liquid Condensation -CORRECT ANSWER- When a gas turns into a liquid Vaporization -CORRECT ANSWER- When a liquid turns into a gas Sublimation -CORRECT ANSWER- When a solid turns directly into a gas without becoming a liquid first Gene -CORRECT ANSWER- A segment of DNA on a chromosome that codes for a specific trait Trait -CORRECT ANSWER- a distinguishing feature of your personal nature passed down from parents to offspring Chromosome -CORRECT ANSWER- Threadlike structure within the nucleus containing the genetic information that is passed from one generation of cells to the next. Nucleus -CORRECT ANSWER- a part of the cell containing DNA and RNA and responsible for growth and reproduction Vacuole -CORRECT ANSWER- cell organelle that stores materials such as water, salts, proteins, and carbohydrates Mitochondria -CORRECT ANSWER- powerhouse of the cell, produces energy (ATP) from oxygen and sugar(Cellular respiration) Chloroplast -CORRECT ANSWER- organelle found in cells of plants that captures the energy from sunlight and converts it into chemical energy Cell membrane -CORRECT ANSWER- thin, flexible barrier around a cell, regulates what enters and leaves the cell Cell wall -CORRECT ANSWER- strong layer around the cell membrane, only found in plant cells Golgi -CORRECT ANSWER- stack of membranes in the cell that modifies, sorts, and packages proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum Organism -CORRECT ANSWER- Any living thing DNA -CORRECT ANSWER- A nucleic acid that contains all of your genetic information RNA -CORRECT ANSWER- a nucleic acid that plays an important role in the production of proteins by reading